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2007 Vol.5 No.2
Published 2007-04-30
Articles
1
LIU Shen-；Jiang-De-Wen-；Bi-Hua-Xin-；Liu-Xin-；Guo-Meng-Xia-；Li-Dun
Strategy of soil and water conversation and the regionazation of main function of the land
In the Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development,the dividing to four main function area of land-optimizing development area,major development area,limiting development area and forbidden development area was put forward firstly according to resource and environment's bearing capacity,current development density,latent development and population distribution,economy distribution,land usage configuration and urbanization distribution.And the management policy in different area on finance,industrial, land,population,achievement evaluation,etc has been worked out.The division of the main function area of land put forward a chance to the development of soil and water conversation.In this paper,the suggestions to development strategy,working target,major direction,qualify index for the development of the main function area of land based on the investigation about ecological safety and soil and water loss were presented.And the development of soil and water conservation can be accelerated by the regionazation.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 1-4 [
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1452
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5
ZHANG Yu-Bin-；Zheng-Fen-Chi
Effects of near-surface soil water conditions on soil erosion process
In this paper the effects of near-surface soil water conditions on soil erosion was studied,especially for water saturated soil,using rainfall simulation experiment.The results showed that difference of soil texture had great effects on soil infiltration,and runoff process.Under the same soil texture,as antecedent soil moisture increased,infiltration rate decreased and runoff intensity increased.With the increase of antecedent soil water content,the time of runoff occurrence brought forward,runoff discharge and soil loss increased.For Ansai Loess soil,runoff discharge from soil moisture saturated condition,75% of the saturated condition of soil moisture,and 50% of the saturated condition of soil moisture were 2.5,2.2,and 1.3 times higher respectively,than that from 25% of the saturated condition of soil moisture.As compared to 25% of the saturated condition of soil moisture,soil loss from soil moisture saturated condition,75% of the saturated condition of soil moisture,and 50% of the saturated condition of soil moisture were 50,25,and 1.3 times greater,respectively.For Yangling Loutu soil,runoff discharge from soil moisture saturated condition and 50% of the saturated condition of soil moisture were 1.1 and 1.0 times higher,than that from 25% of the saturated condition of soil moisture.As compared to 25% of the saturated condition of soil moisture,soil loss from soil moisture saturated condition and 50% of the saturated condition of soil moisture were 6.5 and 2.0 times greater,respectively.During rainfall process,as antecedent soil moisture increased,the time of rill erosion occurrence was earlier and rill erosion increased.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 5-10 [
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1737
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11
WANG Wen-Long-；Wang-Zhao-Yi-；Lei-A-Lin-；Tang-Ke-Li-；Gong-Jia-Guo
Hydraulic characteristics of various patterns of erosion in the slope-gully system in the Loess region of hills
In the slope-gully system in the Loess region of hills and gullies,erosion types and shapes are arrayed regularly in the vertical direction,which forms the characteristic of vertical distribution diversity of the erosion types.Based on the artificially simulated rainfall experiment,sheet erosion and rill erosion in the slope-gully system,the dissimilarities and relations among the hydraulic and sediment parameters and the dynamic criticalities at which various types of erosion happen,are studied preliminarily in this paper,which is of great significance to discovering the rules of soil erosion and forecasting the sediment production.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 11-17 [
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1428
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1116
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18
HONG Bang-Wen-；Yang-Qi-Ke-；Liu-Zhi-Gong-；Diao-Xin-Chang
Extraction of RUSLE-LS Factors Using DEM data and GIS Techniques
The assessment and prediction of soil erosion at regional scale is of great importance to the sustainable land use planning and ecological restoration.Yet reliable prediction of soil erosion depends on the factors affecting the soil erosion,just as described in RUSLE.As one of the important factors affecting the soil erosion,topographic factor may have impact on the soil erosion in many aspects such as the redistribution of rainfall and runoff accumulations and its velocity,and many studies have been done on it.However,most of studies just focused on the impact of topographic factor on soil erosion,only few studies have been done on the extraction of topographic factor,and little on the validation and comparison of topographic factors extracted.In this paper,the topographic factor(LS) for RUSLE(revised universal soil loss equation) using powerful DEM and GIS techniques was extracted for Xiannangou catchment,Loess plateau,aiming at providing technological support for the assessment and prediction of soil erosion on regional scale.The results showed that the LS values extracted from the fine DEM with a resolution of 5?m,if choosing a right algorithm,are reasonable,reliable and practicable.It can provide a reference for the further study of LS factors on regional scale and providing a basic data for scale transform among different scales.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 18-23 [
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1762
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24
DAN Da-Chuan-；Liu-Bin-；Bai-Zhi-Gang-；Wang-Hong
Relationship between sediment reduction benefit and control degree of soil erosion in region from Hekouzhen to Longmen
Relationship between sediment reduction benefits and control degree of soil erosion in region from Hekouzhen to Longmen was studied and results indicated:1)sediment reduction benefit positively correlated to control degree of soil erosion, the relationship could be divided into high benefit value zone and low benefit value zone according to the benefit range of sediment reduction,but sediment reduction rates per unit in the two zones are similar.When control degree in the low benefit zone is less than 15%,there is almost no sediment reduction benefit.Therefore,for the four typical tributaries namely "Kuyuhe,Tuweihe,Huangfuchuan and Zhujiachuan",control degree needs to be above 30% if above 10% of sediment reduction benefit is required.2)If the relationship is divided into three zones of high benefit value,medium benefit value,and low benefit value,10% of control degree increase in high benefit value zone will result in 8% increase in sediment reduction.Correspondingly,10% of control degree increase in medium value benefit zone and low benefit value zone will lead to 8% and 3.4% increase in sediment reduction respectively.Therefore,in order to construct the first defense line for soil erosion,low benefit value zone which locates in Kuyehe River basin and Huangfuchuan River basin is commanded to be selected firstly.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 24-28 [
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1692
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1396
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29
LI Zhi-An-；Luo-Zhi-Dong-；Lin-Hong-Yu
Sampling survey for hazard degree of erosion in water erosion regien of China based on GIS
During the integrated scientific investigation of soil erosion and ecological safety in China,the potential hazard degree evaluation of erosion was studied in water erosion region.The investigation regions include Black Soil Region in Northeast China,Earthy-Rocky Mountainous Region in North China,Loess Plateau Region of Northwest China,Upper Reaches of Yangtze River and Rivers of Southwest China,Red Soil-Hilly Region in South China and Rocky Desertification Region in southwest China.26 sample plots corresponding to realistic map of 1∶10?000 were set.And the indexes of land-use type,slope,vegetation coverage,effective thickness of soil layer,and soil bulk density were selected.Based on GIS, the final hazard degree of erosion in different investigation region was synthetically evaluated.The results show that Rocky Desertification Region and Earthy-Rocky Mountainous Region are in Extremely Hazard to Destroying Region,Upper Reaches of Yangtze River and Rivers of Southwest China is in Hazard Region,Red Soil-Hilly Region is in Light Hazard to Hazard Region,and Loess Plateau Region and Black Soil Region are in Light Hazard Region.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 29-34 [
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1447
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35
HU Zhong-Li
Improvement of ventilative and watertight resin applied on the erosion control for mudstone soil
This research was concentrated on the soil sampling and laboratory experiment of soil erosion control by means of rainfall simulator with different variety of rainfall intensity attacking the soil surface from mudstones.According to the soil erosion test by rainfall simulating,the quantity of soil losses with different cementation ratios of ventilative and watertight resin were made through the period of the study.Also,the soil hardness,soil reaction and electrical conductivity have been executed by using these remolded soil samples.All soil losses resulted from rainfall simulating test indicated that ventilative and watertight resin cementing chemical treatments can reduce soil erosion exactly,and the ranges of concentration can give a better guideline for conducting ventilative and watertight resin used to reduce soil erosion at the mudstone areas.But it still need more tests for this chemical stabilization treatment on the relationship of slope protection and vegetation growing.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 35-39 [
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1219
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1373
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40
CAO Bei-；Sun-Bao-Beng-；Gao-Yong-；Zuo-Ge-Jun-；Yang-Huo-；Zhang-Xiao-Yang-；Yang-Chi-；Gao-Zhi-Liang-；Liu-Dian-Jun
Effect of high-banded Salix psammophila sand-barriers on reduction of wind speed
Based on the observation of the wind speed of the high Salix sand-barriers on field,in the Taohe town,Yijinhuoluo band in Mu Us desert,and using of Surfer(8.8) for the wind speed flow chart,the effects of wind-breaking were analyzed systematically.The results showed as following: when the wind speed is large than sand leaving speed,the double lines high Salix sand-barriers can bring obvious change of wind speed inside and outside of system.The 2m height wind speed presented in the system of barriers,which is increasing in front of the barriers,and decreasing behind of barriers and is smooth inside of system of barriers,but 0.5m height wind speed trend to smooth and steady;the variation of roughness of earth's surface is smooth in the front of barrier of 2-12H distance,but obvious increase inside of barriers,in 212?H distance behind of barrier cut down 33.3%,which is higher 29 times than field wind speed.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 40-45 [
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46
YANG Wen-Ji-；Li-Yi-Wei-；Diao-Ting-Ning-；Wang-Xiu-Ru
Distribution regularity of hydro-thermal factorsin the interface of sand land in the northern mountain of Hebei Province
In order to find out the regularity of hydro-thermal condition affected by topography,hydro-thermal factors at different terrains were observed at Xiaobazi country of Hebei province during growing season in 2004 and 2005.The results showed that the influence of terrains on dynamic variety of hydro-thermal factors is insignificant while significant in spatial distribution of that.During growing season,the distribution regularity of direct solar radiation is that of hilltop> sunny slope> shady slope.The air temperature is that of sunny slope >hilltop > shady slope as well as accumulated temperature of ≥0?℃and ≥10?℃,ground temperature(5?cm,10?cm and 20?cm) and accumulated soil temperature of ≥0?℃and ≥10?℃.The air humidity was in the order of shady slope>hilltop>sunny slope and the soil moisture was that of hilltop>shady slope>sunny slope.The spatial distribution law of hydro-thermal factors can offer reference to the revegetation in this region.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 46-50 [
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1425
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51
LEI Biao-；Yang-Meng-Gang
Causes and control measures of rocky desertification in Guanling County of Guizhou Province
Rocky desertification is one of the most serious problems on economic development and eco-environment conservation in Guizhou Province.Combined with the project of rocky desertification combating in Guanling County from 1991 to 2003,the degenerated area of 47.63?km
2
has been controlled.In this paper the experiences including the measures and the eco-economic benefits were introduced.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 51-54 [
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1454
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55
ZHANG Jian-Jun-；He-Wei-；Na-Lei
Study on appropriate density of <i>Pinus tabulaeformis</i> and <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> for soil and water conservation forests in Loess area
Based on a long-term monitoring of water cycle in forest stands,the soil moisture deficit in soil and water conservation forests of
Pinus tabulaeformis
and
Robinia pseudoacacia
forests was calculated.Following the principles of runoff-collecting forestry,and applying the forest structure investigation results,the author brought forward a formula to calculate appropriate density for forests on the base of diameters at breast height.Using this method to manage forests,the natural water requirement of forests could not only be ensured,but also the soil drought be avoided.In addition,with the long-term monitoring of soil moisture in forest stands,the author also brought forward the appropriate managing density specific to the soil and water conservation forests of
Pinus tabulaeformis
and
Robinia pseudoacacia
trees in Loess area,with soil moisture content,the lowest soil moisture content and invalid moisture frequency as the index.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 55-59 [
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1615
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1440
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60
WANG Ru-Hai
New techniques of afforestation on the dry and barren land in the mountainous region of Shandong Province
The survival rate,tree top growth in early days after plantation and
Platycladus orientali
s plantation cost of eight afforestation techniques and nine tree species on the dry and barre land of mountainous region of Shandong Province were studied.The afforestation techniques in this experiment were included using no-woven-cloth container seedling with balance-root-system,rational arrangement of tree-shrub-rattan,scale-shaped pit soil preparation,level step soil preparation,terraced field,shrub and grass covering,super absorbent polymer,and traditional afforestation techniques(hole shape soil preparation,CK).The result showed that the seven new techniques improved the mean survive rate by 2.6%12.7% than CK.In the first year after plantation,compared to the CK,the mean treetop growth was increased 5.9%36.3% by using the seven new techniques,the plantation cost was decreased by 9.3% using the no-woven-cloth container with balance-root-system,while the plantation cost by using the other six techniques was increased 6.2%158.4%.Among the eight new techniques,the using of no-woven-cloth container seedling not only made the highest survive rate,but also made the biggest treetop growth in the early days after plantation,as well as the lowest plantation cost.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 60-64 [
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1440
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65
BAI Wen-Juan-；Jiao-Ju-Yang-；Zhang-Zhen-Guo
Characteristics of soil seed banks in abandoned croplands at Ansai County on the Hilly-gullied Loess area
Field survery and laboratory experiment were conducted to study the characteristics of soil seed bank,such as species composition,density,diversity and similarity in abandoned croplands at Ansai County on the Hilly-gullied Loess area.Results showed that 28 species,which belonged to 11 families and 23 genera,germinated in the 12 plots.Seed density in the 0-5cm layer varied from(900.1±351.3)n·m
-2
to(6466.8±1?708.4)n·m
-2
,as compared with(116.7±61.4) n·m
-2
to(2?466.7±914.4)n·m
-2
in the 5-10?cm layer.The total seed density of seed bank took a significant decreasing trend as the increasing year since abandoned.Soil seed bank density in sunny slope was 2.2-3.4 times than that in shady slope.The dominant species in sunny slope were
Artemisia scoparia
and
Artemisia hedinii
,as compared with
Artemisia scoparia
in shady slope.As the year since abandoned increased,evenness was significantly related to year since abandoned positively,richness and diversity increased while ecological dominance decreased,which showed that the dominant species is not diversely developed as the year since abandoned increased.The similarity analysis of soil seed bank composition illustrated that the vegetation succession of the abandoned cropland was basicly an enlarging process of spatial heterogeneity.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 65-72 [
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1588
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73
WANG Li-；Liu-Xia-；Zhang-Guang-Can-；Liu-Shen-Ru-；Guo-Jing-；Yuan-Li
Fractal features of soil particles size distribution and physical property under different measures of ecological restoration on rocky mountainous area in the middle of Shandong Province
For exploring the improved effect of the ecological restoration project to soil physical property,the effects of 4 different measures of ecological restoration on composition of soil particles and physical property of soil are studied.The result showed that: 1) all kind of measures can improve the hydrological and physical property of soil,which include that: the content of fine-grained soil particles was increased obviously,sand content is lower,both soil fractal dimension and the number of soil porosity(especially the number of capillary porosity) were raised,and the soil bulk density was lower;2) the improved effect of 4 kinds of measures are different,the afforesting on wild slope is the highest,both supplement planting on open forest land and the closing terrace slope for re-vegetation are higher,but the closing wild slope for re-vegetation is the lowest.3) there is correlativity obviously between the soil fractal dimension and the content of fine-grained soil particles,the number of soil porosity and soil bulk density.The soil fractal dimension is valuable for research,as an integrated index that describes the hydrological and physical property.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 73-80 [
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1598
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1358
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81
LI Yan-；Duan-Wen-Biao-；Chen-Li-Xin-；Liu-Xiang
Micro-environmental variation feature of soil surface temperature in a broad-leaved <i>Pinus koraiensis</i> forest gap
Based on broad-leaved
Pinus koraiensis
forest gap in Xiao Xing'an Mountains,micro-environmental variation feature of soil surface temperature in the gap was studied by geographical statistics' method.Results showed that soil surface temperature demonstrated by a single peak changing tendency in the months.The mean and maximum soil surface temperature was higher at June,and mean daily range of that was higher at initial and final stage of the forest growth.The greater variation of soil surface temperature that belongs to medium variation was found in May,and these of other months were weaker.The differences of spatial heterogeneity of soil surface temperature were presented between different months.The spatial heterogeneity of autocorrelation was the main part of the total,and showed greater variation.The complexities and patch grades of distribution of soil surface temperature were different between experimental months,and higher value areas that located at east and north-west of the gap were asymmetric.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 81-85 [
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1404
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1307
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86
JI Dong-；Guan-Wen-Ban-；Xie-Chun-Hua
Litters interception capability of dark coniferous in Gongga Mountain
In this paper more attentions are paid to the litters in different forest types and precipitation features,thus litters interception have been observed by the simulation method in site in different types of dark coniferous forest communities at four successive stages.And the max absorption intensity of litters in different forest types had been observed by immersion in water.Results show that rainfall of litter interception in different forest types is linearly correlated to rainfall outside of stands.There is typical power function relation between litter interception and throughfall.The water holding ability of litters has relation to amount and composition of litters,while its decomposition degree is positively related to stand age.And the litter interception capability is influenced by original wetness degree of ground cover.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 86-90 [
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1581
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1377
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91
SONG Li-Ping-；Ca-Ben-Jiu-；Yu-Xiao-Li
Influence of water stress on the photosynthetic and physiological characteristic of
Acanthopanax Senticosus
seedings
In order to offer scientific base for the artificial cultivation of Acanthopanax Senticosus,the response of photosynthetic pigment,photosynthesis,content of proline and malondialdehyde(MDA) of Acanthopanax Senticosus seedings to soil water stress were studied using a pot cultivation experiment.Four soil water treatment levels were normal growth water condition(CK),mild water stress (T1),moderate water stress(T2),severe water stress(T3).The results showed that content of photosynthetic pigment decreased as the water stress degree was increased,T2 and T3 had the lower content of photosynthetic pigment than CK,T1 did not differ from CK and kept high level.The ratio of chlorophylls to carotenoids in four groups was ranged 3.023.65.In group T1 the seedlings of Acanthopanax Senticosus did not differ from CK in net photosynthesis rate,with the transpiration rate 27.25% lower than that of group CK and the water use efficiency 26.97% higher than that of group CK;In group T2 the seedlings of Acanthopanax Senticosus had lower net photosynthesis rate、transpiration rate and higher water use efficiency than that of group CK,with the net photosynthesis rate decreased 29.46%,the transpiration rate decreased 50.67% and the water use efficiency increased 33.70%;In group T3 the seedlings of Acanthopanax Senticosus had lowest net photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate,but the water use efficiency 77.51% higher than that of group CK.In the whole water treatment period,content of proline and MDA increased as the water stress degree was increased.The results indicated that the Acanthopanax Senticosus seedings could fight a drought,but did not fit the dry soil water condition.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 91-95 [
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1337
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96
ZHOU Li-Jiang-；Li-Bing-；Tang-Da-Yun-；Li-Shou-Jian-；Li-Jian-Beng
Research and practice of soil erosion control by biological measure in mountain area of Southern Jiangxi Province:Technical Scheme of Chongdun Valley Project Area in Xinfeng County,Jiangxi Province
Mountain red soil region in southern Jiangxi Province is one of the most serious regions of soil erosion in south of China.Chongdun watershed project area in Xinfeng County possessed representational and typical characteristic for its serious soil erosion caused by large area of low functional forest distributing,hillside orchard constructing and rare earth mine exploitation.Based on the general investigation and systemic research on natural background of project area,the primary factors effected soil erosion were found out,and a technical plan on controlling soil erosion by optimizing land using methods,collocating feasible plants and biological measures combined with technical measures was presented.This experience could be used for reference for areas having similar background.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 96-101 [
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1649
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1154
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102
CHU Xiao-Yuan-；Zhang-Hong-Jiang-；Wang-Yu-Jie-；Jiang-Yu-Lin-；Chen-Zong-Wei-；Chen-Hua-Beng
Soil loss characteristics in different types of dump during expressway construction
Taking the Yichang part of the Hurongxi expressway as an example for studying the characteristics of soil loss of dump,the factors,such as prepicitation,soil,plant and amount of soil loss were observed.The results showed that: 1) The relation between amount of soil loss and product of prepicitation and railfall intensity was found to be a better linearity.While taking no account of other factors in affecting the soil loss of slope,with the
PI
increaing,the amount of soil loss gradually enlarged.2) Comparing the dump taken on the bio-measure and engineering measure with the unprotected one,soil loss of protected dump is reduced more than the unprotected dump.3) Physical composition of dump surface affects the amount of soil loss.When the dump surface damaged by rain,the content of gravel became bigger,and then the amount of soil loss would become smaller gradually.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 102-106 [
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1562
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1366
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107
JIANG De-Wen
Study on evaluation methods of the affection degree of soil and water losses caused by construction projects
According to the view of scientific development and constructing resource conservation and environment friendly society,soil and water conservation is the necessary condition to construction projects' examination and approval.The approval of projects is optimizing.The analysis on profit and loss of soil and water conservation can supply scientific basises.In which the affection degree of soil erosion caused by construction projects is the core.A synthesis evaluation model was put forward,by quantitatively calculating 5 master factors: affecting time,erosion intensity,range of influence,restoration capacity,subsequent affection,analysing the affection degree of soil erosion caused by construction projects.Affection degree is used as a uniformity standard on objectively evaluating construction projects,which supplied scientific poling for the government's executive decision and macroadjustment.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 107-109 [
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1732
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1654KB] (
1406
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110
TU Xin-Xiao-；Tun-Lan-；Rao-Liang-Yi-；Li-Jing-Dui-；Yang-Yong-Jiang
Assessment methods of ecological functions of soil and water conservation measures
How to maintain the ecological services of ecosystem is a very popular problem,because it support the balance and keep the stabilization of the eco-environment.And it is also the base of sustainable development.This paper,based on the Costanza's theory and others,after analyzing the aggregate functions of soil and water conservation measures,defined the ecological services of soil and water conservation as an aggregate function which can protect and improve the eco-environment.The ecological function included such as conserving water resource,preventing soil losses,carbon fixation & releasing oxygen,cleaning air,and fixation sand.Those functions were subdivided by 10 indexes based on the scientific,practical,and acceptable ways.And every index had been constructed in the computing formula.Thus,those formulas could help to appraise the ecological functions of soil and water conservation measures correctly.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 110-113 [
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1796
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114
ZHANG Shen-Bao-；Jiao-Ju-Yang-；He-Xiu-Bin-；Wen-An-Bang-；He-Yong-Ban-；Zhang-Yun-Ai-；Long-Yi
Soil loss tolerance and reasonable soil loss
To establish a standard for preventing soil erosion on cultivated land,soil scientists in USA proposed firstly the concept of Soil Loss Tolerance,then the concept has been applied for evaluating soil erosion risk in a watershed or a region.The concept of soil loss tolerance has been widely used over the world as well as in China.As progressing of researches in soil erosion and relevant subjects,particularly,global changes,the appearing of concepts of sustainable development and rivers health,the shortages of "soil loss tolerance" in scientific concept as well as in practice have gradually appeared.In this paper,the history of the soil loss tolerance is briefly introduced,then the shortages of the term are discussed,finally the concept of reasonable soil loss is introduced and the principle and methods for determining its standard are proposed.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 114-116 [
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1845
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1404
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117
ZHANG Jing-Feng-；Tun-Fa-Qi-；Li-Hua-；Wang-Wei-；Tian-Dong
Ecological footprint of Zizhou County in 2002
Ecological footprint analytical method is a new developing method in the world about quantificational research of land area for regional sustainable development based on the calculation of the consumption.In this paper,the principle of ecological footprint is elaborated and also the ecological footprint of Zizhou County in Shaanxi Province in 2002 is practiced and analyzed.Result showed that the ecological deficit of this county at 2002 is 0.075?hm
2
head
-1
and the local life intensity is far over the carrying capacity of the ecological system and the current economic development is in an unsustainable condition.According to this,some suggestions are put forward.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 117-121 [
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1290
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122
ZHANG Bei-Ying-；Xu-Hua-Shua-；Li-Gui-Yu-；Bai-Xiao-Hua
Review of the research on the basic theoretics and its application of soil water
Soil water is of great significance in the formation,transformation and consumption of the water resources and has close relationship to agriculture,hydrology and environment,so that the soil water research has been drawn more and more attention and made great progress.In this paper,the progress and achievements in soil water research were reviewed,and the development of basic theory,heterogeneity and its application in this field were discussed.The concept of soil water has been developed from the view of original morphology to the present view of energy.Many new technologies have been introduced into the research of soil water,and the study methods focus on practical application.The research field of soil water has been expanded much.Status of research on soil moisture variability from different scales including slope,catchment and region also was reviewed and three main approaches to the effect of environmental factors on soil moisture are summed up.A new recognition of "soil water reservoir" is put forward and the value of research in this area is evaluated and the further research is looked ahead.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 122-129 [
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130
DIAO Yan-Yun-；Cheng-Ji-Min-；Mo-Hui-E-；Hu-Xiang-Meng
Review of research on hydrological characteristics of forest litter
As the second functionary layer in forest hydrologic process,the litter plays an important role on water cycling in the forestland.In this paper,the hydrological characteristics of forest litter,including study content,research method and hydrological characteristics simulation during the hydrological process was summarized.The singleness of study content and laggard method were the main problems in inland;It was indicated that the field settled experiment would be the keystone to study the hydrological characteristics of forest litter;During the course of rainfall simulation for the hydrological characteristics of litter,the rainfall intensity should be changed;The water dynamics of litter was resulted by multi-hydrological processes and influencing multi-factors.The establishment of physics model and the determination of its parameters are important to understand the water dynamics of litter layer and forest management.
2007 Vol. 5 (2): 130-134 [
Abstract
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