Characteristics of soil moisture and path analysis of influencing factors on different forest lands on the Loess Plateau
HU Bo1, CHEN Lihua1,2
1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 2. National Field Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in Jixian County, 042200, Jixian, Shanxi, China
Abstract：[Background] Due to the influence of natural and human factors, soil erosion is a serious problem on the Loess Plateau. A large amount of vegetation has been planted on this plateau via various soil and water conservation measures and ecological restoration. At the same time, vegetation growth consumes a high amount of soil moisture. Soil-water deficit restricts vegetation growth and further affects the ecological environment improvement. The Caijiachuan watershed selected in this paper represents typical characteristics of the Loess Plateau. This study not only analyses the pattern of soil moisture change and influencing factors, but also measures the applicability of the path analysis method. [Methods] In the study area of the Loess Plateau, we set up soil moisture dynamic observation points in the Pinus tabuliformis (PT), Robinia pseudoacacia (RP), and Malus domestica (MD) plots respectively, using the WaterScout SM 100 Sensor-6ft to observe the soil volumetric moisture content in different soil layers from April to October 2018. In the August of the same year, we sampled the undisturbed soil with a ring knife and obtained soil samples from different forest lands to determine the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The variation in soil moisture is influenced by many factors, and path analysis was used to analyze the relationship among these factors. [Results] 1) There was a significant difference in moisture contents of the sampled soils (P<0.05). The soil moisture content of the MD forest was generally higher than that of the RP forest and PT forest. 2) The seasonal changes in soil moisture in different forests in the study area tended to be consistent and generally increased first and then decreased. The total soil moisture storage in the forests during the growing season was in the following order: MD (1 460.38 mm) > PT (988.01 mm) > RP (844.67 mm). 3) There was a significant correlation between soil physicochemical properties and the changes in soil moisture. Through path analysis, the most significant factor identified was the soil particle content, with a diameter between 0.050 and 0.002 mm, and its decision coefficient was 9.825. At the same time, bulk density had a large indirect effect on it. The content of organic matter in soil and the content of soil particles with a diameter of 2.000~0.050 mm had extremely significant inhibitory effects on soil-water content, and their decision coefficients were -2.669 and -5.645. [Conclusions] The soil moisture changes regularly in the Loess Plateau, and the soil moisture in the MD forest is better than that in the PT and RP forests. The PT and RP forests consume more soil moisture. The analysis results of path analysis on the influencing factors of soil moisture change are the same as those of previous studies, which can be further used in the related research on soil moisture. The research results can provide reference for tree species selection and ecological environment management in the Loess Plateau. Path analysis is suitable for soil-moisture factor analysis.
胡波, 陈丽华. 黄土高原不同林地土壤水分特征及影响因子通径分析[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(1): 79-86.
HU Bo, CHEN Lihua. Characteristics of soil moisture and path analysis of influencing factors on different forest lands on the Loess Plateau. SSWC, 2021, 19(1): 79-86.
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2021, Vol. 19 
