Abstract：[Background] In the semi-arid areas of Northwest China, soil moisture is one of the key factors limiting vegetation growth and ecological restoration. In the study area, the study of alpine inferiority and single species, soil temporal and spatial variability of soil water is beneficial to soil water management and vegetation reconstruction.[Methods] From May 15th, 2018 to August 15th, 2018, the soil moisture content of 55 water points in the small watershed of the Anmentan was measured with a CNC 503B neutron meter, measured every 15 days for a total of 7 times; for four soils the type of soil was sampled with a ring cutter, and the soil moisture characteristic curve was measured by an indoor experimental high-speed centrifuge. Then, the soil water content corresponding to the water potential of -1 500 kPa was obtained on the soil water characteristic curve, which is the soil wilting coefficient. The data analysis was done by classical statistical method and time stability analysis, and the data processing tool adopted SPSS and Excel 2016.[Results] 1) The soil in the study area consumes water during the dry season and replenishes water during the rainy season; the 0-20 cm soil layer shows strong variability, and the effective moisture in 20-100 cm soil layer shows moderate variability. 2) The Spearman rank correlation is basically higher than 0.75, and it shows a very significant correlation. The effective moisture of 20-100 cm soil in the small watershed of the study area has high time stability throughout the observation period. The number of points of probability is more than that of shallow layers, and the change of cumulative probability position is small. 3) The range of variation of effective horizontal deviation of 20-100 cm is -79.84%-129.86%, and its standard deviation is 12.63%-55.62%. The relative deviation of soil effective moisture level and the fluctuation range of standard deviation are gradually reduced, and the effective moisture time stability of sample soil increases with the increase of soil layer thickness; the representative points of each soil layer are selected by relative difference analysis. 4) The determination coefficient R2 is 0.668 2-0.811 7.[Conclusions] The surface soil layer shows strong variability and no time stability and the effective moisture in deep soil layer shows moderate variability and has high time stability. The stability shows a trend related to time. The closer the sampling time is, the larger the correlation coefficient is, and the trend decreases with the increase of time lag. The measuring point 18, the measuring point 29, the measuring point 12 and the measuring point 29 respectively represent the average effective moisture content of the soil in the soil layers of 20-40, 40-60, 60-80, 80-100 cm in the study period.
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2019, Vol. 17 
