Estimation of soil erosion and its response to land use change in Karst regions at county scale
LI Chengzhi, LIAN Jinjiao, CHEN Hongsong, FENG Teng, FU Zhiyong
1. Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 410125, Changsha, China; 2. Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 547100, Huanjiang, Guangxi, China; 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
Abstract：[Background] In the Karst region of Southwest China, where is characterized with the fragile ecological environment and sharp contradiction between the large population and limited land resources, rocky desertification is severe. The changes of land use types and degrees of human disturbances would affect soil loss amount and levels of rocky desertification. Therefore, it is important to simulate the soil erosion in the Karst area and to study the response of soil erosion to land use type changes.[Methods] Based on the modified RMMF model and ArcGIS technology, this paper simulated the soil erosion in Huanjiang County in 1991, 2000 and 2010. The response of soil erosion to land use type changes was simulated under the same rainfall condition.[Results]Fine agreements of RMMF simulated soil loss and observations from hydrological stations were obtained. The results showed that the soil erosion modulus decreased from 76.36 t/(km2·a) in 1991 and 76.46 t/(km2·a) in 2000 to 49.60 t/(km2·a) in 2010. The sediment yields were 34.76×104, 34.80×104 and 22.58×104 t for 1991, 2000 and 2010, respectively. The non-Karst area is the main sediment source area, and its mean soil loss amount accounted for about 94% of total soil loss amount of Huanjiang County. Most areas suffered from slight degree of soil erosion, accounting for more than 90%, while the other areas suffered from higher levels of soil erosion, accounting for very small proportion. Compared with values of other land use types, the soil erosion modulus of dry land was much larger, followed by medium coverage grassland. Specifically, over 80% and 70% of soil loss amounts were from dry lands for Karst area and non-Karst area, respectively. For the same land use type, the non-Karst area had a larger soil erosion modulus than the Karst area. In the scenario simulation, the rainfall data of 1991 was used instead of the original rainfall data to estimate soil erosion in 2000 and 2010, and the sediment yield decreased 4.21×104 t from 1991 to 2010 due to the decrease in dry land area. The sediment yields in 2010 decreased by 4.21% and 8.76% of those in 2000 for Karst area and non-Karst area, respectively.[Conculsions] These results indicated that the soil erosion amount had reduced since 2010 by reducing the dry land area and increasing vegetation coverage in Huanjiang County. This study may provide a reference basis for regional soil erosion estimation and soil-water conservation effectiveness assessment in Karst region.
李成志1,2,3, 连晋姣1,2, 陈洪松1,2, 冯腾1,2,3, 付智勇1,2. 喀斯特地区县域土壤侵蚀估算及其对土地利用变化的响应[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2017, 15(5): 39-47.
LI Chengzhi, LIAN Jinjiao, CHEN Hongsong, FENG Teng, FU Zhiyong. Estimation of soil erosion and its response to land use change in Karst regions at county scale. SSWC, 2017, 15(5): 39-47.
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2017, Vol. 15 
