Abstract：[Background] Soil erosion is the concentrated embodiment of environmental problems in China. Erosion intensity is affected by external factors, such as rainfall, topography and vegetation, and also depends on soil anti-erosion ability. Soil erodibility is a main index of soil erosion resistance. And it is also the basic data for soil erosion prediction. The veracity of soil erodibility value directly affects soil erosion prediction accuracy. The vegetation of Anhui province was fatal damaged and the soil loss on the surface was severe in 1950s and 1960s. At present, although natural secondary forest has been restored in a large range, 12 400 km2 of soil erosion area still exists, especially for sloping farmland, economic woodland and sparse woodland due to heavy rainfall, complex topography, and frequent human activities. Therefore, in order to protect soil resources and achieve sustainable development of the area, the soil erodibility of the region needs to be studied.[Methods] This study analyzed the soil erodibility and its distribution using universal soil loss equation, EPIC model, soil texture transformation method, and ArcGIS software. Data of precipitation, soil erosion and soil properties were collected from 4 experimental stations of soil and water conservation in Anhui province. Data of 48 typical profiles for Anhui province were collected from "soil distribution of Anhui province" and "Chinese soil record" books. The soil samples were collected on sunny days. Fifteen soil cores were collected using "S" road from the topsoil (0-20 cm) of each plot and were mixed completely to produce a composite sample for each plot. Plant roots and large stones were removed by sieving through a 2 mm mesh, and all soil samples were then stored at 4℃ until analyses of soil texture and chemical properties.[Results] There were 10 main soil types covering 92.3% of the total area in Anhui province. Main soil types in the erosional region were red soil, skeleton soil, yellow cinnamon soil, yellow brown soil, yellow soil and purple soil, which covered 44.9% of the total area in the province. There was a fine linear relationship between the measured values and estimated values of the EPIC model for the soil erodibility. The built linear equation thus revised the estimated values of EPIC model. The fractal model which was well verified transformed the soil texture composition from international system to American system for Anhui provincial soils. The erodibility value was 0.020-0.050 t·hm2·h/(MJ·mm·hm2) in the soil and water loss region, and the provincial average K value was 0.036 6 t·hm2·h/(MJ·mm·hm2).[Conclusions] The results provide basic data and technical support for the soil erosion prediction, which is of great significance to the protection of land resources and the ecological construction of soil and water conservation in the region.
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2019, Vol. 17 
