基于栓皮栎幼苗叶绿素荧光参数的不同质地土壤干旱胁迫指标

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2021.02.004

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摘要为了确定黄河小浪底不同土壤对栓皮栎幼苗的质地效应，在6个样点（A~F）采集土壤盆栽栓皮栎幼苗，测定不同土壤湿度下栓皮栎幼苗叶绿素荧光参数的变化，以最大量子效率F_v/F_m和实际量子产量Y（Ⅱ）开始下降和下降50%时的值为土壤干旱胁迫指示参数，确定干旱胁迫的土壤湿度指标，分析土壤的质地效应。结果表明：1）F_v/F_m和Y（Ⅱ）随土壤湿度降低呈幂函数下降。2）6个样点F_v/F_m和Y（Ⅱ）开始下降时的土壤湿度θ_k和下降50%时的土壤湿度θ₅₀，方差分析表明6个样点θ_k和θ₅₀可分为2类。3）6个样点栓皮栎幼苗的干旱胁迫指标。A、B、C和D为：>13%无干旱，>10%~13%轻度干旱，>8%~10%中度干旱，>5%~8%重度干旱；E、F为：>19%无干旱，>15%~19%轻度干旱，>13%~15%中度干旱，>9%~13%重度干旱。4）θ_k和θ₅₀与土壤粒级的黏粒和粉粒相关性密切，与砂粒负相关。综上：土壤质地对栓皮栎幼苗的作用呈"反质地效应"，即质地越细，土壤水分的有效性越差，土壤干旱的水分指标也越高；砂粒含量较高的土壤质地的土壤水分有效性好，土壤干旱的水分指标偏低。

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	王谦
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	陈景玲
	杨喜田
	寇渊博
	张劲松

关键词 ：栓皮栎, 干旱, 叶绿素荧光, 胁迫, 质地效应

Abstract：[Background] The drought stress index of Quercus variabilis is not perfect, and it can only be roughly divided into three levels: light, medium and heavy drought stress. In addition, it is not clear whether soil texture has a positive or negative effect on Q. variabilis seedlings. This work is to determine the texture effect of soil in the Xiaolangdi of the Yellow River on Q. variabilis seedlings photosynthesis and drought stress index. [Methods] Five different sample points(A, B, E, D and F) of soil and a soil sample point (C) in plain region were selected. 1-year old Q. variabilis seedlings were pot cultured.The pots were watered until saturated and then let dry naturely. Changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Q. variabilis seedling under different soil moisture were measured during the period. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of maximum quantum efficiency F_v/F_m and the actual quantum yield Y(Ⅱ) were used to analyze soil texture effect. The soil moistures of F_v/F_m and Y(Ⅱ) while starts decreasing and decreasing 50% were used as soil drought stress indices to analyze the differences among different soil texture types and then to determine the soil texture effect. [Results] 1) The changes of F_v/F_m and Y(Ⅱ) with the decrease of soil moisture content was simulated by power function, and the relationship coefficients of simulation were between 0.6 and 0.9. 2) The soil moistures θ_k of 6 sample points while F_v/F_m and Y(Ⅱ) started decreasing and θ₅₀ while F_v/F_m and Y(Ⅱ) was decreasing 50% were determined. The significance test of ANOVA showed that the soil water stress indices of 6 sample points were divided into 2 categories, and passed the significance test of difference under the reliability of 0.05. The difference between A, B, D of sandy soil mountain land and C of plain area was not obvious. 3) Based on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters F_v/F_m and Y(Ⅱ), drought stress indexes of 6 sample points were obtained. The drought stress index of A, B, C and D was as follows: >13% no drought, >10%-13% mild drought, >8%-10% moderate drought, and >5%-8% severe drought. The drought stress index of E and F was: >19% no drought, >15%-19% mild drought, >13%-15% moderate drought, and >9%-13% severe drought. 4) θ_k and θ₅₀ were closely correlated with clay and powder grains of soil grain size, and negatively correlated with sand grains. [Conculsions] The influence of soil texture on Q. variabilis seedlings soil moisture was "anti-texture effect", that is, the finer the soil texture is, the worse the soil water availability is, and higher the moisture index of soil under drought stress is higher. The higher the sand content is, the better the water availability is, and the lower the moisture index of soil drought is.

Key words： Quercus variabilis drought chlorophyll fluorescence stress texture effect

收稿日期: 2020-05-06

PACS:

S167

基金资助:国家自然科学基金"基于气候空间上限列线的栓皮栎幼苗高温叠加干旱胁迫机制研究"（31370621），"番茄叶片低温胁迫气象指标的气候空间列线研究"（31071321）

通讯作者: 陈景玲(1964-),女,本科,副教授。主要研究方向:农林气象。E-mail:chenjingling5@163.com E-mail: chenjingling5@163.com

作者简介: 王谦(1963-),男,博士,教授。主要研究方向:农林生态。E-mail:wangqianhau@163.com

引用本文:

王谦, 李明蔚, 李强, 陈景玲, 杨喜田, 寇渊博, 张劲松. 基于栓皮栎幼苗叶绿素荧光参数的不同质地土壤干旱胁迫指标[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(2): 27-32.
WANG Qian, LI Mingwei, LI Qiang, CHEN Jingling, YANG Xitian, KOU Yuanbo, ZHANG Jinsong. Drought stress indexes of soil with different texture based on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Quercus variabilis seedling. SSWC, 2021, 19(2): 27-32.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2021.02.004 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2021/V19/I2/27

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