Abstract：[Background] As the main solid waste produced in the process of coal production, coal gangue has seriously affected the ecological environment and people's life safety. Meanwhile, the backfilling of borrowing soil has become the main method of ecological restoration in China's coal mines, most of which are located in areas short of water and land resources. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the planting substrate with coal gangue as the main material for realizing the resource utilization of coal gangue and alleviating the shortage of water and soil resources in coal mine areas.[Methods] In this study, orthogonal test was used to add different proportions of corn straw, fly ash and water-retaining agent into the coal gangue-soil mixture to explore the proportion of the optimal water-retaining property. On the basis of the optimal proportion, different water gradients were set up and ryegrass was planted.[Results] The results show that the ratio of coal gangue-soil at 500 g:500 g reduced the bulk density of the substrate and improved the porosity, soil moisture content, saturated water content and field water-holding rate of the substrate. The addition of 50 g maize straw can significantly improve the physical properties of the substrate and increase the soil moisture content, saturated water content and field water-holding rate (P<0.01). When 75 g of fly ash was added, the water characteristic value of the substrate was relatively high. Adding 2 g water retaining agent can improve the soil moisture content, saturated water content and field water-holding rate. In the water stress test, ryegrass planted on coal gangue planting substrate still had a good growth condition (germination rate, plant height, biomass, chlorophyll content) under mild water stress and was still higher than or close to the soil control group under moderate water stress.[Conclusions] In conclusion, coal gangue planting substrate is suitable for ecological restoration in coal mine areas where water and soil resources are scarce. And the proportion of the optimal water-retaining property which were as follows:a coal gangue-to-soil ratio of 500:500 (g:g), corn straw content of 50 g/kg, fly ash content of 75 g/kg, and water-retaining agent content of 2 g/kg.
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2019, Vol. 17 
