Characteristics of soil and water loss and its influencing factors on slope scale in rocky mountain area of Beijing
FAN Deng-Xing, YU Xin-Xiao, JIA Guo-Dong, WANG He-Nian
Key Lab. of Soil & Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education,College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083,Beijing,China
摘要为了揭示区域坡面水土流失规律,以北京山区灌草坡面径流小区定位观测资料为基础,对坡面径流量和侵蚀量与降雨、植被盖度、坡度等主要影响因子进行偏相关分析。 结果表明:1)在一定降雨和下垫面条件下,径流量的主要影响因子是降雨量和最大 30 min 降雨强度,侵蚀量的主要影响因子是径流量、植被覆盖度和最大 30 min 降雨强度;2)就降雨因子而言,影响径流量的关键性降雨因子是降雨量、降雨历时和最大 30 min 降雨强度,而影响侵蚀量的关键性降雨因子是最大 30 min 降雨强度;3)径流量和侵蚀量与植被盖度之间表现出显著的负相关关系,即植被盖度越大,径流量和侵蚀量越小;4)不同坡度等级的径流量和侵蚀量差异显著,随着坡度的增加,径流量和侵蚀量呈现出先增加后减小的趋势;5)灌草坡面的水土保持作用显著,重视和发展植被恢复与重建工作,对北京山区生态环境改善和水土流失治理具有重要的意义。
Abstract：In order to reveal the regular pattern of water and soil losses in different regions,the partial correlation relationship between soil erosion and its main influencing factors including rainfall,vegetation coverage and slope was discussed based on observation data of runoff plots in rocky mountain area of Beijing. The results showed that runoff was mainly affected by rainfall and maximum 30 min rainfall intensity; erosion was highly influenced by runoff, vegetation coverage and maximum 30 min rainfall intensity. For rainfall factors,runoff was highly influenced by rainfall,rainfall duration and maximum 30 min rainfall intensity,and erosion,however,was highly affected by maximum 30 min rainfall intensity. The result showed a significantly negative correlation between soil erosion and vegetation cover,that is,the annual runoff and erosion in the runoff plots decreased as vegetation coverage increased. The annual runoff and erosion in the runoff plots firstly increased,and then decreased with increasing slope gradients. Shrub and grass have obvious soil and water conservation effects. Development of vegetation restoration has important implications for improving the ecological environment and controlling soil erosion in rocky mountain area of Beijing.
樊登星,余新晓 ,贾国栋,王贺年. 北京山区灌草坡面水土流失特征及其影响因素[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2014, 12(2): 24-28.
FAN Deng-Xing, YU Xin-Xiao, JIA Guo-Dong, WANG He-Nian. Characteristics of soil and water loss and its influencing factors on slope scale in rocky mountain area of Beijing. SSWCC, 2014, 12(2): 24-28.
2014, Vol. 12 
