Abstract：[Background] Understanding the mechanism of splash erosion is of great significance to establish the rainfall erosion model of Pisha-sandstone. This paper is to study the splash erosion mechanism of the Pisha-sandstone in the bare area of the Ordos Zhungeqi area, the southern Inner Mongolia of China.[Methods] This study used the rainfall simulator to perform the splash erosion experiment. It designed 5 different rainfall kinetic energies (7.15,9.14,10.21,14.24, and 16.22 J/(m2·mm)) and 6 different slopes (5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25° and 30°), to explore the changing on the quality of splash erosion on uphill and downhill and the amount change of total splash erosion and net splash erosion. Based on the theory of mechanics and geometry, the impact causes of slope change on splash erosion were analyzed.[Results] 1)Under the same rainfall conditions, splash erosion on uphill decreased with the increase of slope. At same time, the splash erosion on downhill showed the trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of slope, then there was a critical slope where there was a maximum splash erosion from the downhill, it was 25°. 2) There was an exponential function between the amount of the splash erosion and the rainfall kinetic energy, and the coefficient term of the exponential function was a trigonometric function of slope. 3) From the geometric point of view, the variation of the slope gradient resulted in the change of the maximum migration distance to the migrating particles in different directions. 4) The change of the component of rainfall kinetic energy along the horizontal and normal directions of the soil's surface was the important reason of critical slopes occuring. 5) The total splash erosion did not show obvious regularity with the change of slope. The variation of net splash erosion with slope was similar to that of downhill.[Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for further study of the hydraulic erosion mechanism of Pisha-sandstone.
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2019, Vol. 17 
