Abstract：[Background] Erosion of red soil is one of the serious forms of soil erosion in the gully region of the Loess Plateau. However, the erosion characteristics of the sloping erosion and the infiltration of the slope are not studied in depth. It is of great significance to further explore its erosion process and permeability for preventing the erosion of red soil.[Methods] Test materials from the shady slope and the sunny slope of Tianjiagou watershed in Gansu province were collected, and filled into the experimental trough tank at 10 degree as similar to natural dump status as possible. Four rainfall intensities of 16.1, 29.3, 40.5, and 51.3 mm/h were set by simulated artificial rainfall Norton 8100 from USA, 3 times of experiment were repeated for each rainfall intensity, thus total 12 experiments were conducted. Runoff period, rainfall duration, runoff yield, average runoff rate, runoff coefficient, sediment yield, average sediment rate, and infiltration rate were recorded and calculated. The data was processed by Excel 2007.[Results] For the erosion process of the red soil slumping slope sediment, the total runoff generated under 4 rainfall intensities (16.1, 29.3, 40.5, and 51.3 mm/h) was 2 250, 5 174, 10 036, and 17 612 cm3, respectively. The total amount of sediment production increased gradually from 290 g (in 16.1 mm/h) to 810 g (in 51.3 mm/h),which expressed as follows 290 g (in 16.1 mm/h) < 620 g (in 29.3 mm/h) < 780 g (in 40.5 mm/h) < 810 g (in 51.3 mm/h).The time required for reaching peak sediment was shortened from 26 min to 16 min, which were 26, 20, 18 and 16 min, respectively. The time required for sediment reaching stabilization in the runoff showed similar changes with the time required for reaching peak sediment,which were 34, 32, 30 and 26 min, respectively, and the average infiltration rates were 0.22, 0.37, 0.44, and 0.45 mm/min, respectively, and steady infiltration rates gradually increased,and appeared as from 0.19 to 0.39 mm/min.[Conclusions] As rainfall intensity increases, the runoff, sediment yield, and infiltration rate under different rainfall intensity of the red soil slumping slope sediment increase gradually, while the trend of increasing the rate of steady infiltration is not obvious, and the time required for stable production and sediment production is gradually shortened. In addition to this, the conclusions of this study may provide guidance for the prevention and control of erosive erosion and improvement of the red soil slumping slope sediment.
王德贤. 泻溜侵蚀的防治问题[J]. 人民黄河, 1965(1):40. WANG Dexian.Prevention of erotic erosion[J]. Yellow River, 1965(1):40.
[2]
涂安千. "红土"陡坡的泻溜侵蚀及其防治[J]. 水土保持通报, 1981(4):29. TU Anqian.The erotic erosion of "red clay" steep slope and its prevention[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 1981(4):29.
[3]
王斌科. 海东黄土区的泻溜侵蚀[J]. 中国水土保持, 1990(5):25. WANG Binke.The erotic erosion of loess area of Haidong city[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China, 1990(5):25.
[4]
柴亚凡, 周波, 吕忠明, 等. 黄土高原残塬沟壑区红土泻溜面防治模式研究[J]. 中国水土保持, 2014(2):49. CHAI Yafan, ZHOU Bo, LÜ Zhongming, et al. Control modes of red soil slipping surface in broken gully region of the Loess Plateau[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China, 1990(5):25.
[5]
李裕后. 黄土高原泻溜侵蚀的分布特征[J]. 中国水土保持, 1989(9):33. LI Yuhou. Distribution characteristics of erotic erosion on Loess Plateau[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China,1989(9):33.
[6]
曾伯庆, 马文中, 张治国, 等. 三趾马红土泻溜侵蚀规律研究[J]. 中国水土保持, 1991(7):21. ZENG Baiqing, MA Wenzhong, ZHANG Zhiguo,et al. Study on erotic erosion regularity of red soils in Three-toed Horses[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China,1991(7):21.
[7]
胡建忠. 砒砂岩沟谷种植沙棘林防止土壤重力侵蚀的实践[J]. 中国水土保持, 2011(5):36. HU Jianzhong. Practice on planting Hippophae rhamnoides in soft sand stone gullies for preventing gravity erosion[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2011(5):36.
[8]
胡建忠. 沙棘:一种防治红土泻溜侵蚀的优良树种[J]. 林业科技开发, 1993(1):5. HU Jianzhong. Hippophae rhamnoides:A superior tree species to control the erosion of red earth[J].Forestry Science and Technology Development, 1993(1):5.
[9]
王玉惠, 田存信. 红土严重裸露的里仁沟小流域治理及效益[J]. 中国水土保持, 1994(12):47. WANG Yuhui, TIAN Cunxin. Harnessment of Lirengou small watershed with severely exposed red soil and its benefits[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China, 1994(12):47.
[10]
栾莉莉, 张光辉, 刘如心, 等. 人工模拟降雨水质对土壤入渗性能的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2015,29(2):122. LUAN Lili, ZHANG Guanghui, LIU Ruxin, et al. Effects of water quality on soil in filtration in rainfall simulation[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,29(2):122.
[11]
甘凤玲, 何丙辉, 王涛. 人工模拟降雨下汶川震区滑坡堆积体产沙规律[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016,32(12):158. GAN Fengling, HE Binghui, WANG Tao. Sediment characteristic of landslide accumulation body in earthquake zone of Wenchuan under artificial rainfall simulation condition[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2016,32(12):158.
[12]
王玉宽, 王占礼, 周佩华. 黄土高原坡面降雨产流过程的试验分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 1991,5(2):25. WANG Yukuan, WANG Zhanli, ZHOU Peihua. Experiment on rainfall-runoff process on slope of the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1991,5(2):25.
[13]
孟广涛, 方向京, 李贵祥, 等. 人工模拟降雨条件下3种多年生牧草水土保持能力分析[J]. 水土保持研究, 2010,17(2):49. MENG Guangtao, FANG Xiangjing, LI Guixiang,et al. Study on soil and water conservation capacity of three perennial forage grasses under artificial simulated rainfall[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010,17(2):49.
[14]
孙达, 张妙仙, 吴希媛, 等. 野外人工模拟降雨条件下荒草坡产流产污试验研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2008,28(3):121. SUN Da, ZHANG Miaoxian, WU Xiyuan, et al. Runoff yield and pollutant of barren grassland slope under simulated rainfall condition[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2008,28(3):121.
[15]
张媛静, 张平仓, 李亚松, 等. 人工模拟降雨条件下不同土壤抗侵蚀特征的分析[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2013,41(13):5765. ZHANG Yuanjing, ZHANG Pingcang, LI Yasong,et al. Analysis of soil anti-erosion characteristics under artificial rainfall condition[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 41(13):5765.
[16]
范文波. 坡耕地土壤结皮的成因及其作用研究[D]. 陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学, 2001. FAN Wenbo. Study on the causes and effects of soil crust on slope farmland[D].Yangling,Shaaxi:Northwest A&F University, 2001.
[17]
吴光艳, 祝振华, 成婧, 等. 人工模拟降雨特性对坡面产流产沙量的影响研究[J]. 节水灌溉, 2011(6):44. WU Guangyan, ZHU Zhenhua, CHENG Jing,et al. Runoff and sediment characteristics of slope under simulated rainfall[J].Saving Water and Irrigation,2011(6):44.
[18]
冯秀, 查轩, 黄少燕. 人工模拟降雨条件下花岗岩红壤坡面侵蚀过程与特征分析[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2014,12(1):19. FENG Xiu, ZHA Xuan, HUANG Shaoyan. Processes and characteristics of erosion on hill slopes of granite red soil under simulated rainfall[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014,12(1):19.
2019, Vol. 17 
