Using WorldView-2 images to estimate gully development of the Liudaogou catchment in the Loess Plateau after the Grain for Green project
HUANG Tingting1,2, YANG Yang1,2, SHI Yangzi1,2, CAO Qi3, FENG Bo4, LIU Baoyuan2, LIU Yingna1
1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China; 2. School of Geography, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China; 3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; 4. Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Control and Ecological Restoration, College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
Abstract：[Background] The Grain for Green project has been implemented for approximately 20 years in the Loess Plateau, which substantially modified the land uses and vegetation covers, thereby inevitably resulting in changes in gully erosion. It is therefore necessary to systematically evaluate gully erosion of the small catchments upon the Grain for Green project and to identify the primary factors affecting gully development. Recently, the resolution of remote sensing products has been greatly improved, and the remote sensing technique may serve as a useful tool for gully erosion monitoring, especially at large spatial and temporal scales. [Methods] A total of 33 typical gullies were selected in the Liudaogou catchment and measured by real-time kinematic GPS (RTK GPS) as well as visually interpreted from a WorldView-2 (WV2) image. The accuracy of WV2 in interpreting gullies was evaluated with the measurements made by RTK GPS and the sources of error were analyzed. The Liudaogou catchment was divided into 50 drainage areas and their basic terrain attributes, annual mean vegetation coverage and comprehensive dynamic index of land use were also extracted or calculated. The gullies in each of the 50 drainage areas were delineated from WV2 images of 2012 and 2018, and the change rates of four gully morphological parameters, i.e., gully length, maximum surface width, perimeter and area, were calculated. [Results] 1) Gullies could be accurately interpreted from WV2 images, as compared to the measurements made by RTK GPS. The relative errors of gully length, maximum surface width, perimeter and area were smaller than 5% for 94%, 79%, 58% and 76% of the total gullies, respectively. The accuracy of WV2 interpretation was mainly influenced by the activity of gully head, vegetation type of gully edge, and soil conditions of gully walls. 2) During 2012-2018, the annual mean change rates of the total gully length, maximum surface width, perimeter, and area in the Liudaogou catchment fell between -2.1%-1.2%, -1.7%-0.5%, -1.8%-1.4% and -0.2%-1.5%, respectively. Among the 50 drainage areas delineated, 78%, 80%, 40% and 78% possessed changes rates within the range of 0-0.5%/a for the four gully morphological parameters, respectively. The negative rates were probably due to the merging of adjacent rills and artificial gully filling. 3) According to the correlation analysis, the gully development was positively affected by the mean slope length and profile curvature of the drainage areas, but negatively by the mean slope steepness. In addition, it was also related to slope aspect and vegetation coverage. The change rate of total gully area was relatively lower for the leeward slopes and/or the slopes with vegetation coverage greater than 45%. [Conclusions] The WorldView-2 images provide accurate data for gully development analysis at the catchment scale. In the Liudaogou catchment, the generally slow gully erosion upon the Grain for Green project was mainly affected by terrain attributes and vegetation coverage. These findings hold important implications for soil conservation in the Loess Plateau as well as in other arid and semiarid regions.
黄婷婷, 杨扬, 史扬子, 曹琦, 冯博, 刘宝元, 刘瑛娜. 基于WorldView-2影像估算黄土高原六道沟小流域退耕还林(草)后的切沟发育速率[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(1): 1-10.
HUANG Tingting, YANG Yang, SHI Yangzi, CAO Qi, FENG Bo, LIU Baoyuan, LIU Yingna. Using WorldView-2 images to estimate gully development of the Liudaogou catchment in the Loess Plateau after the Grain for Green project. SSWC, 2021, 19(1): 1-10.
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2021, Vol. 19 
