喀斯特土壤生境下丛枝菌根真菌侵染对任豆根系构型的影响

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2021.01.013

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摘要研究不同养分喀斯特土壤生境下，菌根真菌对宿主根系形态影响，为喀斯特地区植被定植、恢复和水土保持提供微生物干扰途径，同时也为喀斯特地区筛选优势菌种提供依据。以石灰岩地区造林树种任豆幼苗为试验材料，摩西球囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae，Fm）、根内球囊霉（Rhizoglomus intraradices，Ri）和2种菌根真菌混合菌剂接种（Mixture inoculation，Mi），盆栽条件下培养150 d，研究不同喀斯特土壤养分生境下菌根真菌对任豆幼苗根系形态影响。结果表明：贫瘠喀斯特土壤生境下，Fm接种任豆根系具有最高侵染率，高强度菌根依赖性，显著促进根系生物量、总根长、总根表面积、总根体积提高，提高根系平均直径，分别提高460.49%、233.91%、258.99%、293.04%和9.29%。Ri降低根系生物量、总根长、总根表面积和总根体积，降低幅度为10.49%、46.67%、42.70%和39.30%，根系平均直径提高6.14%，与对照差异均不显著。Mi显著促进根系平均直径增加，对根系生物量、总根长、总根表面积和总根体积影响介于单接种之间；养分较高喀斯特土壤生境下，Fm显著促进根系生物量、总根长、总根表面积、总根体积和根系平均直径提高，提高138.04%、28.51%、50.79%、76.37%和20.71%，提高幅度低于贫瘠喀斯特土壤Fm处理，达到显著差异水平（除根系平均直径）。Ri显著促进根系生物量、总根长、总根表面积、总根体积和根系平均直径提高，分别提高128.62%、57.30%、66.27%、75.68%和8.63%，与贫瘠喀斯特土壤Ri处理达到显著差异水平（除根系平均直径）。Mi促进根系生物量、总根长、总根表面积、总根体积和根系平均直径提高，分别提高51.45%、39.79%、38.89%、36.99%和1.29%。不同菌种在不同养分生境下对任豆根系构型影响不同，养分胁迫下Fm菌根效应更大，使根系构型向有助于觅食养分和水分方向转变；Ri处理在较高喀斯特土壤养分生境下菌根效应最大，促进根系构型改变。摩西球囊霉在养分胁迫下更有利于植物根系构型改变，使植物更易于定植存活，摩西球囊霉可作为贫瘠喀斯特土壤生境下植被恢复菌根真菌干扰途径的优势菌种。

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关键词 ：丛枝菌根真菌, 任豆, 根系形态, 喀斯特

Abstract：[Background] In the karst region of Southwest China, where is characterized with the fragile ecological environment, the bedrock is bare and soil is shallow, vegetation recovery is difficult. A symbiotic relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) and plants, which is an adaptation strategy by root morphological changes, to cope with nutrient stress by increasing plant nutrient use efficiency. The objective of this study is to provide a microbial interference pathway for vegetation restoration, soil and water conservation. Meanwhile, it would provide the basis for screening dominant strains in karst region. [Methods] Zenia insignis is a common afforestation species in limestone areas of Southwest China. We used AMF Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizoglomus intraradices and mixed mycorrhizal fungi(Mi) to inoculate Z. insignis seedlings. The effects of mycorrhizal fungi on root morphology of Z. insignis seedlings in different nutrient condition of karst soil habitats were studied after 150 d of cultivation. [Results] 1)In nutrient-poor karst soil habitat, Z. insignis inoculated with F.mosseae showed the highest colonization rate and high-intensity mycorrhizal dependency. F.mosseae significantly increased the root biomass, total root length, total root surface area, total root volume and average root diameter by 460.49%, 233.91%, 258.99%, 293.04% and 9.29%, respectively. Z. insignis inoculated with R.intraradices reduced root biomass, total root length, total root surface area and total root volume by 10.49%, 46.67%, 42.70% and 39.30%, respectively. At the same time, the average root diameter increased 6.14%, which showed no significant difference from the control. Z. insignis inoculated with Mi significantly increased the average root diameter. While the influence on root biomass, total root length, total root surface area and total root volume was between single inoculations. 2) In nutrient-rich karst soil, Z.insignis inoculated with F.mosseae significantly increased root biomass, total root length, total root surface area, total root volume and average root diameter by 138.04%, 28.51%, 50.79%, 76.37% and 20.71%, respectively, which was significantly lower than that by F. mosseae treatment in low nutrient karst soil habitat except for average root diameter. When inoculated with R.intraradices, root biomass, total root length, total root surface area, total root volume and average root diameter significantly increased by 128.62%, 57.30%, 66.27%, 75.68% and 8.63%, respectively. There was significant difference from the R.intraradices inoculation in low nutrient karst soil habitat except for average root diameter. Mi treatment increased root biomass, total root length, total root surface area, total root volume and average root diameter by 51.45%, 39.79%, 38.89%, 36.99% and 1.29%, respectively. [Conclusions] The AMF affect the root morphology of Z.insignis in the different nutrient conditions of karst soil habitats. Under the nutrient stress, F.mosseae is more conducive to changing root morphology, making the host plant easier to colonize and survive. Thus, F. mosseae can be used as a dominant strain for the intervention of mycorrhizal fungi for vegetation restoration in nutrient-poor karst soil habitat.

Key words： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Zenia insignis root morphology karst

收稿日期: 2019-12-09

PACS:

S718.81

基金资助:国家自然科学基金"喀斯特极度侵蚀区菌根真菌提高树木耐旱性机理研究"（31470709）

通讯作者: 俞元春(1961-),男,教授。主要研究方向:森林土壤学。E-mail:ycyu@njfu.edu.cn E-mail: ycyu@njfu.edu.cn

作者简介: 屈明华(1978-),女,高级实验师。主要研究方向:水土保持与植被恢复。E-mail:quminghua2002@163.com

引用本文:

屈明华, 李生, 俞元春, 张金池. 喀斯特土壤生境下丛枝菌根真菌侵染对任豆根系构型的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(1): 106-114.
QU Minghua, LI Sheng, YU Yuanchun, ZHANG Jinchi. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the root morphology of Zenia insignis in karst soil habitat. SSWC, 2021, 19(1): 106-114.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2021.01.013 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2021/V19/I1/106

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