Characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus underground loss in karst slope farmlands under simulated rainfall
YANG Yuqiong, DAI Quanhou, LI Changlan, PENG Xudong, YAN Youjin
1. College of Forestry, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China;
2. The People's Government of Qiantao Township, Huaxi District, 550025, Guiyang, China
Abstract：[Background]As a unique landscape, karst slope is characterized by a "double-layer hydrologic structure" consisting of surface and underground. The karst slope farmland with such special structure leads to serious soil and water loss in two types, surface loss and underground leakage loss. The serious water and soil and nutrient loss not only did cause land productivity reduction and ecological deterioration, but result in underground water pollution. The soil nutrient loss process on the karst slope farmlands is complicate, which is affected by many factors (e.g., precipitation, topography and soil properties).There is no doubt that rainfall intensity and underground pore fissure are the two of the most important factors influencing water and soil loss on karst slopes.[Methods]Taking karst slope farmlands as the research object, several rainfall simulation tests were conducted. In addition, a steel tank (length of 4.0 m, width of 1.5 m and depth of 0.35 m), in which the underground pore fissure degree could be adjusted, was used to stimulate the surface micro topography and underground fissure structure of karst slopes. The first step was to adjust the slope degree and underground fissure degree of the steel tank to the designed levels. The second step was to carry out artificial rainfalls and collect the runoff and sediment samples at 10 minutes interval. The final step was to determine the total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentration of samples collected.[Results]1) The underground runoff was positively correlated with the rainfall intensity and the underground pore fissure degree. 2) Rainfall intensity showed certain effects on nutrients concentration in underground runoff, in which the total phosphorus concentration showed a wavy change with the increase of rainfall intensity while the total nitrogen concentration increased with the increasing of rainfall intensity. Underground pore fissure degree had a significant effect on the total nitrogen concentration and the correlation coefficient was 0.906, but had no obvious effect on the total phosphorus. 3) The amount of total phosphorus loss was fitted by a linearly equation with the rainfall intensity, and fitted by a polynomial with the underground pore fissure degree. 4) The cumulative runoff was significantly related to the cumulative loss of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the underground runoff, and the correlation coefficient was 0.986 3 and 0.997 4 respectively.[Conclusions]In summary, the underground pore fissure degree has little effect on soil nutrient loss, however the rainfall intensity is a key factor influencing soil nutrient loss on karst slope farmlands. These results of this study may provide a theoretical basis for solving the effect of soil and nutrient loss on social economy, ecological environment and human life development.
杨宇琼1, 戴全厚1, 李昌兰2, 彭旭东1, 严友进1. 模拟降雨条件下喀斯特坡耕地氮磷元素地下漏失特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2018, 16(3): 59-67.
YANG Yuqiong, DAI Quanhou, LI Changlan, PENG Xudong, YAN Youjin. Characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus underground loss in karst slope farmlands under simulated rainfall. SSWC, 2018, 16(3): 59-67.
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2018, Vol. 16 
