Abstract：[Background] In the intensive planting system in Northeast China, especially in arid and semiarid areas, the intensity of water and fertilizer supply during the seedling stage directly affects crop growth and causes yield variation. Super absorbent polymers (SAPs) can absorb and retain large volumes of water and aqueous solutions or solvents, and play an important role in improving soil pore structure and nutrient release. The article focuses on molybdenum-rich SAPs specialized for leguminous plants based on the coupling of polymer material synthesis and molybdenum fertilizer technology. [Methods] Pot experiments in the greenhouse were conducted on two typical soil types in Northeast China, which were black soil and aeolian sandy soil. Two factors (soil types and SAPs variations) at five levels (application dosage of 0, 0.01%, 0.05, 0.1% and 0.5%) were designed, and the effects of soil types, variations of SAPs and application dosage on soil water retention property and seedling growth of soybean seedlings were investigated. [Results] 1) Application of SAPs efficiently improved soil water retention in a varying degree, regardless of types of SAPs (ordinary super absorbent polymers, H 2020; molybdenum-rich special super absorbent polymers, GH 2021), growth and dry weight of soybean seedling were promoted after 12 d cultivation with SAPs. 2) Both of the soil water content and soybean height increased with the increasing of the application amount of H 2020 and GH 2021, the soybean height remarkably increased by 68.0% and 44.9% under black soil and aeolian sandy soil conditions, respectively, when the dose of GH 2021 was up to 0.5%. 3) The application of SAPs in aeolian sandy soil showed a greater water retention efficiency than that in black soil, soil water content in aeolian sandy soil notably increased by 343.1% under the treatment of 0.5% GH 2021, which was 33.6% higher than that of H 2020 in terms of water retention property. 4) Compared to H2020, the application of GH2021 with dosage of 0.5% significantly increased the plant height and dry weight of soybean seedlings by 16.3% and 34.0%, respectively, under aeolian sandy soil conditions. [Conclusions] Based on the above results, the optimal condition, as a recommendation for the application of SAPs, molybdenum-rich SAPs with the dosage of no less than 0.5%, may play an important role in soybean growth. The molybdenum-rich SAPs could be used to improve the water retention of aeolian sandy soil, to enhance the growth environment and nutritional status of soybeans at the seedling stage, and to stimulate the yield potential of soybeans in Northeast China.
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2024, Vol. 22 
