冻融循环作用对黑土水稳性团聚体特征的影响

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2020.04.006

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要冻融循环作用是东北黑土区土壤侵蚀、水土流失的主要驱动因子之一,研究冻融循环作用对黑土水稳性团聚体特征的影响可以为水土流失防治提供科学参考。以东北典型黑土区耕作层土壤为研究对象,采用室内模拟冻融试验方法,研究初始含水量和冻融循环次数对土壤水稳性团聚体粒级组成、>0.25 mm粒级团聚体破坏率(PAD_0.25)、>1 mm粒级团聚体破坏率(PAD_1.0)、平均质量直径和分形维数等团聚体特征指标的影响。结果表明:无水冻融循环显著降低>5 mm水稳性团聚体的含量,水稳性团聚体的PAD_0.25和PAD_1.0分别较冻融前增加12.25%和5.52%,平均质量直径与分形维数的变化表现为促进大团聚体的破碎作用。有水冻融循环则显著增加<0.5 mm水稳性团聚体的含量,PAD_0.25和PAD_1.0分别较冻融前增加了78.72%~132.31%和81.44%~184.94%,平均质量直径与分形维数均表现出加剧水稳性团聚体拆分的作用,水稳性团聚体的破碎效应有所增强。因此,冻融循环导致大团聚体破碎成小团聚体,降低了黑土团聚体水稳性。冻融循环作用对水稳性团聚体的破碎作用随着初始含水量的增加逐渐增强并趋于稳定。土壤团聚体水稳性随着冻融循环次数的增加显著下降,10次冻融循环后逐渐趋于稳定。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	顾汪明
	周金星
	王彬
	关颖慧

关键词 ：冻融循环, 团聚体稳定性, 水稳性团聚体, 分形维数, 黑土

Abstract：[Background] The freeze-thaw cycle is one of the main driving factors of soil erosion. Freeze-thaw cycling changes soil properties and influences the processes of runoff and erosion on slopes, resulting in severe soil and water losses. Studying the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on the characteristics of black soil water-stable aggregates can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil erosion. [Methods] Selecting the cultivated layer of the typical black soil in the Northeast China as our research object, this paper studied the effects of initial water content and the freeze-thaw cycles on the particle size composition of soil water-stable aggregate, the destruction rate of aggregate particle size >0.25 mm (PAD_0.25), the destruction rate of aggregate particle size >1 mm (PAD_1.0), as well as the mean weight diameter and fractal dimension using the simulated freeze-thaw test method. [Results] The anhydrous freeze-thaw cycle significantly reduced the water-stable aggregates with particle size >5 mm, but PAD_0.25 and PAD_1.0 of the water-stable aggregates increased by 12.25% and 5.52% respectively than before. Mean weight diameter of the water-stable aggregates reduced by 6.01%, while fractal dimension of the water-stable aggregates increased by 1.61%. The changes of mean weight diameter and fractal dimension promoted the breaking of large aggregates. The water freeze-thaw cycling significantly increased the water-stable aggregates with particle size <0.5 mm. PAD_0.25 and PAD_1.0 increased by 78.72%-132.31% and 81.44%-184.94% respectively. Mean weight diameter of the water-stable aggregates reduced by 6.03%-8.83% (P<0.05), but fractal dimension of the water-stable aggregates increased by 69.26%-75.06% (P<0.05) compared with before. Both of the mean weight diameter and fractal dimension intensified the breaking effect of water-stable aggregates. In addition to the initial moisture content, the freeze-thaw cycling frequency is also a key factor affecting the stability of soil aggregates. With the increase of freeze-thaw cycles, PAD_0.25 and PAD_1.0 increased significantly. On the contrary, the average weight diameter decreased gradually. Especially after 10 freeze-thaw cycles, PAD_1.0 reached 87.04%-96.43%, and the mean weight diameter decreased 62.35%-71.18%. With the further increase of freeze-thaw cycles, no significant changes were observed for the average weight diameter, fractal dimension and PAD_1.0. [Conclusions] Generally, the freeze-thaw cycle could change from the large aggregates to small aggregates, and decrease the water stability of the black soil aggregates. The breaking effect of freeze-thaw cycle on water-stable aggregates increases gradually and tends to be stable finally with the increase of initial water content. The water stability of soil aggregates decreases significantly with the increasing freeze-thaw cycles, and gradually stabilizes after 10 freeze-thaw cycles.

Key words： freeze-thaw cycle stability of soil aggregates water stability of aggregates fractal dimension black soil

收稿日期: 2019-05-24

PACS:

S157

基金资助:国家重点研发计划资助"黑土侵蚀防治机理与调控技术"（2016YFE0202900）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助"土壤侵蚀过程与机理"（2015ZCQ-SB-01）

通讯作者: 关颖慧(1988-),女,博士研究生,讲师。主要研究方向:气候变化与植被恢复。E-mail:gyhdem@bjfu.edu.cn E-mail: gyhdem@bjfu.edu.cn

作者简介: 顾汪明(1994-),男,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:土壤侵蚀与植被修复。E-mail:guwangming123@sina.com

引用本文:

顾汪明, 周金星, 王彬, 关颖慧. 冻融循环作用对黑土水稳性团聚体特征的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2020, 18(4): 45-52.
GU Wangming, ZHOU Jinxing, WANG Bin, GUAN Yinghui. Effects of freeze-thaw cycle on the characteristics of black soil water-stable aggregates. SSWC, 2020, 18(4): 45-52.

链接本文:

http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2020.04.006 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2020/V18/I4/45

[1]	AN S,MENTLER A,MAYER H,et al. Soil aggregation,aggregate stability,organic carbon and nitrogen in different soil aggregate fractions under forest and shrub vegetation on the Loess Plateau,China [J]. Catena,2010,81(3): 233.
[2]	刘佳,范昊明,周丽丽,等.冻融循环对黑土容重和孔隙度影响的试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(6): 186. LIU Jia,FAN Haoming,ZHOU Lili,et al. Study on effects of freeze-thaw cycle on bulk density and porosity of black soil[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,23(6): 186.
[3]	BERNARD B,ROOSE E. Aggregate stability as an indicator of soil susceptibility to runoff and erosion; validation at several levels [J]. Catena,2002,47(2): 149.
[4]	王清奎,汪思龙.土壤团聚体形成与稳定机制及影响因素[J].土壤通报,2005,36(3):415. WANG Qingkui,WANG Silong. Forming and stable mechanism of soil aggregate and influencing factors [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2005,36(3): 415.
[5]	YODER R E. A direct method of aggregate analysis of soils and a study of the physical nature of erosion losses [J]. Journal of the American Society of Agronomy,1936,28(5): 337.
[6]	徐俏,崔东,王兴磊,等.冻融对伊犁草地土壤水稳性大团聚体的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(6):244. XU Qiao,CUI Dong,WANG Xinglei,et al. Effects of freezing and thawing on soil water stable aggregates in Yili grassland [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2017,35(6): 244.
[7]	史奕,陈欣,沈善敏.土壤团聚体的稳定机制及人类活动的影响[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(11):1491. SHI Yi,CHEN Xin,SHEN Shanmin. Stable mechanisms of soil aggregate and effects of human activities [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2002,13(11): 1491.
[8]	刘绪军,景国臣,杨亚娟,等.冻融循环作用对表层黑土结构的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(1): 42. LIU Xujun,JING Guochen,YANG Yajuan,et al. Effects of alternate freezing and thawing on the structure of black topsoil [J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,13(1): 42.
[9]	WANG D Y,MA W,NIU Y H,et al. Effects of cyclic freezing and thawing on mechanical properties of Qinghai-Tibet clay [J]. Cold Regions Science & Technology,2007,48(1): 43.
[10]	OZTAS T,FAYETORBAY F. Effect of freezing and thawing processes on soil aggregate stability [J]. Catena,2003,52(1):8.
[11]	LEHRSCH G A. Freeze-thaw cycles increase near-surface aggregate stability [J]. Soil Science,1998,163(1): 63.
[12]	PERFECT E,LOON W K P V,KAY B D,et al. Influence of ice segregation and solutes on soil structural stability [J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science,1990,70(4): 571.
[13]	SIGRUN H K,LILLIAN O. The influence of freeze-thaw cycles and soil moisture on aggregate stability of three soils in Norway [J]. Catena,2006,67(3): 182.
[14]	LI G Y,FAN H M. Effect of freeze-thaw on water stability of aggregates in a black soil of Northeast China [J]. Pedosphere,2014,24(2): 282.
[15]	范昊明,张瑞芳,周丽丽,等.气候变化对东北黑土冻融作用与冻融侵蚀发生的影响分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2009,23(6): 48. FAN Haoming,ZHANG Ruifang,ZHOU Lili,et al. Impact of climate change on freeze-thaw function and freeze-thaw erosion in black soil region of Northeast China [J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2009,23(6): 48.
[16]	王恩姮,赵雨森,陈祥伟.典型黑土耕作区土壤结构对季节性冻融的响应[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(7): 1744. WANG Enheng,ZHAO Yushen,CHEN Xiangwei. Effect of antecedent moisture content on aggregate size distribution and characteristics of black soil compacted mechanically [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(7): 1744.
[17]	EDWARDS L W. The effect of alternate freezing and thawing on aggregate stability and aggregate size distribution of some Prince Edward Island soils [J]. Journal of Soil Science,1991,42(2): 193.
[18]	WANG E H,CRUSE R M,CHEN X W,et al. Effects of moisture condition and freeze/thaw cycles on surface soil aggregate size distribution and stability [J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science,2012,92(3): 529.
[19]	王风,韩晓增,李良皓,等.冻融过程对黑土水稳性团聚体含量影响[J].冰川冻土,2009,31(5): 915. WANG Feng,HAN Xiaozeng,LI Lianghao,et al. The effect of freezing and thawing processes on black soil aggregate stability [J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2009,31(5): 915.
[20]	王展,张玉龙,虞娜,等.冻融作用对土壤微团聚体特征及分形维数的影响[J].土壤学报,2013,50(1): 83. WANG Zhan,ZHANG Yulong,YU Na,et al. Effects of freezing-thawing on characteristics and fractal dimension of soil microaggregates [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2013,50(1): 83.
[21]	周一杨,王恩姮,陈祥伟.模拟降雨条件下黑土溅蚀与团聚体分选特征[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(6): 176. ZHOU Yiyang,WANG Enheng,CHEN Xiangwei. Splash erosion and selective characteristics of aggregate for typical black soil under artificial rainfall condition [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,22(6): 176.
[22]	杨培岭.用粒径的重量分布表征的土壤分形特征[J].科学通报,1993,38(20): 1896. YANG Peiling. Fractal characteristics of soil characterized by weight distribution of particle size [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1993,38(20): 1896.
[23]	王恩姮,赵雨森,陈祥伟.季节性冻融对典型黑土区土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(4): 889. WANG Enheng,ZHAO Yusen,CHEN Xiangwei. Effects of seasonal freeze-thaw cycle on soil aggregate characters in typical phaeozem region of Northeast China [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(4): 889.
[24]	卢倩倩,王恩姮,陈祥伟.季节性冻融对机械压实黑土微团聚体特征的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(3): 57. LU Qianqian,WANG Enheng,CHEN Xiangwei. Effects of seasonal freeze and thaw cycles on the micro-aggregate characteristics of the mechanically compacted black soil [J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2017,39(3): 57.
[25]	娄鑫,谷岩,张军辉,等.冬季积雪与冻融对土壤团聚体稳定性的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2016,38(4): 63. LOU Xin,GU Yan,ZHANG Junhui,et al. Effects of snow cover and freeze-thaw cycles on stability of surface soil aggregates in forest [J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2016,38(4): 63.
[26]	BULLOCK M S,KEMPER W D,NELSON S D. Soil cohesion as affected by freezing,water-content,time and tillage [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,1988,52(3): 770.
[27]	倪万魁,师华强.冻融循环作用对黄土微结构和强度的影响[J].冰川冻土,2014,36(4): 922. NI Wankui,SHI Huaqiang. Influence of freezing-thawing cycles on micro-structure and shear strength of loess [J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2014,36(4): 922.