Comprehensive risk assessment of check dam system in Jiuyuangou watershed
XU Bingxiang1,2, YU Kunxia1, LI Zhanbin1, LI Peng1, PAN Minghang1, HANG Penglei1, HUANG Gaohua3, YANG Jianhua3, ZHANG Wenjing3
1. Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions, Xi'an University of Technology, 710048, Xi'an, China; 2. The Center of Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring, Ministry of Water Resources, 100055, Beijing, China; 3. Centre for Soil and Water Conservation and Migration in Shaanxi, 710004, Xi'an, China
Abstract：[Background] Sick and dangerous check dams will seriously threaten people's lives and economic and property safety, and restrict the healthy development of soil and water conservation and ecological construction in the Loess Plateau. To promote the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, it is particularly important to identify the risk factors of check dams, ensure the safety of people's lives and production,and promote local economic development.[Methods] Check dams in the Jiuyuangou watershed,which is a demonstration basin of check dam construction on the Loess Plateau, were taken as the research object. To build a multi-objective and multi-level risk early assessment system, 10 risk assessment indicators were selected from the 4 criterion levels of loss risk, structural risk, flood risk and operation management through data collection, hydrological statistics, and numerical simulation, the indicator weights were determined based on expert scoring results using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and the risk status of check dam systems in the Jiuyuangou watershed were finally evaluated based on the comprehensive score.[Results] 1) The operation management risk level was the highest among the four criterion levels, which was a severely dangerous state for most check dams due to the ineffectiveness of check dam management. The structural risks were of most check dams in a mildly risky state as most check dams were rarely damaged, and the junction of the discharge structure and the dam body also worked well. The flood risk and loss risk increased with the increase of the rainfall return period. The flood risk of most check dams was in a moderately risky state, but the risk rate increased greatly when the designed rainstorm increased from 10 years reappearing period to 300 years reappearing period, the loss risk of most check dams were generally safe when designed rainfall was 10 years reappearing period and became mildly dangerous under 300 years reappearing period.2) When the designed rainstorm increased from 10 years reappearing period to 300 years reappearing period, the severely dangerous check dams increased from 0 to 5.3%, the mildly dangerous check dams decreased from 60.5% to 42.1%. The risk of check dam system in Jiuyuangou watershed increased with the increase of the designed rainstorm.[Conclusions] This study assessed the operation risks of the check dam system in the Jiuyuangou watershed under different rainfall return periods, which may provide a scientific basis for the operation and management of check dams,toensure the safe andstable operation of check damsand lay a foundation for the establishment of safety emergency mechanisms and operational measures.
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