Analysis of temporal and spatial characteristics of actual evapotranspiration and its influence factors in Yanhe River Basin
LUO Yu1,2, YIN Diansheng3, MU Xingmin1,2,4, GAO Peng1,2,4, ZHAO Guangju1,2,4
1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China; 3. Zhongshui Huaihe Planning and Design Research Co. Ltd., 230601, Hefei, China; 4. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Abstract：[Background] This paper is to study the variation law of actual evapotranspiration (Ea) under the change of climate and vegetation restoration in the Yanhe River Basin, which may provide a scientific reference for the research of management and planning of water resources under the change of climate and vegetation cover.[Methods] Based on the meteorological data, runoff data, and normalized difference vegetation index data (NDVI) in Yanhe River Basin from 1978 to 2017, We firstly calibrated the parameter (α) of the advection-aridity model and used the parameter after calibration to calculate Ea. Then we used the Mann-Kendall test and inverse distance weighting method to analyze the changes in trends and the characteristics in spatial and temporal distribution of Ea. In addition, we used Pearson correlation analysis method to explore the reasons of the change in Ea.[Results] The optimal parameter of the AA model is 0.85 in the Yanhe River Basin. Under this parameter, both the relative error of the calculated results in the calibration period and the verification period is 5%. Moreover, the Nash Efficiency Coefficient (N) is as high as 0.998 in the verification period. The calculated results of the calibrated AA model are reliable and have high accuracy in our study in the Yanhe River Basin so that the model meets the accuracy requirements. From the view of time point, Ea has only one maximum value in a year, and the month at the high-value of evapotranspiration appears from June to August in a year, which is a unimodal distribution. As a whole, the average annual Ea for many years is 472.92 mm and shows a trend of increasing by 0.23 mm/a. From the view of spatial point, the overall spatial appearance of Ea is high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The distribution characteristics of the high-value area of Ea gradually drift southward with time. In Yanhe River Basin, Ea is negatively correlated with annual precipitation, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed at 2 m height and NDVI, but it is not significant, and negative correlation coefficients are all below 0.2. Ea is positively correlated with actual duration of sunshine, maximum daily temperature, minimum daily temperature, and average temperature, it passes the 0.05 significance level test, and the correlation coefficient between actual duration of sunshine and Ea reaches 0.74. The correlation coefficient between Ea and NDVI is -0.063, which shows a weak negative correlation, but their relationship varies in different regions.[Conclusions] On the annual scale, the increase in Ea is caused by the combination of rising in temperature and actual duration of sunshine, and falling in atmospheric pressure. The spatial heterogeneity of vegetation coverage determines the actual spatial difference of actual evapotranspiration. But Ea is intensively affected by water replenishment. Therefore, under the influence of water replenishment, the effect of vegetation coverage on Ea is significantly different.
罗宇, 尹殿胜, 穆兴民, 高鹏, 赵广举. 延河流域实际蒸散发时空特征及影响因素分析[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(4): 51-59.
LUO Yu, YIN Diansheng, MU Xingmin, GAO Peng, ZHAO Guangju. Analysis of temporal and spatial characteristics of actual evapotranspiration and its influence factors in Yanhe River Basin. SSWC, 2021, 19(4): 51-59.
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2021, Vol. 19 
