基于GIS的崩岗分布及坡向选择性验证

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2018.03.001

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摘要由于坡向划分与提取方法各不相同，因此无法对崩岗的坡向分布规律进行验证和量化。将广东省五华县油田镇1：1万地形图数字化，提取行政边界、崩岗范围和等高线，确定坡向划分的2分法、3分法和8分法，利用ArcGIS和人工2种方法计算油田镇每个崩岗的坡向和面积，重新统计已有研究中各坡向的崩岗数量和面积。结果表明：1）采用GIS和人工2种方法计算的油田镇各坡向崩岗数量和面积存在误差，但崩岗分布均是阳坡多于阴坡，南坡多于北坡。2分法中阳坡崩岗占66.5%；3分法中阳坡占45.0%，阴坡占16.9%；8分法中南坡占13.8%，北坡占1.3%。油田镇土地面积阴坡多于阳坡，北坡多于南坡；油田镇崩岗的坡向选择性与坡向提取和划分方法、土地面积的坡向分布无关。2）统一坡向划分方法后，已有研究的数据表明崩岗分布存在坡向选择性，崩岗数量和面积均为阳坡显著多于阴坡（P<0.05），南坡和西南坡多于北坡。2分法中阳坡崩岗占70.3%，阴坡占29.7%；3分法中阳坡占53.5%，阴坡占19.4%；8分法中南坡占20.7%，西南坡占20.2%，北坡占5.2%，实现了崩岗坡向分布的数值定量。

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	温美丽
	陈瑜
	何小武
	杨龙
	周晴

关键词 ：崩岗, GIS, 坡向, 定量分布

Abstract：[Background] The distribution pattern of collapsed gully (Beng Gang) on different slope aspect can't be tested and quantitively analysed because of different slope aspect standards and acquisition methods in the previous studies. Here we aim to understand the suitability of different methods of extracting and dividing slope aspects in studying the slope direction of collapsed gullies, to verify the conclusion of the selectivity of slope direction in collapsed gully, to clarify the generality and applicability of the selectivity of collapsed slope aspects, and to quantitatively calculate the distribution of collapsed gullies in different slope aspects.[Methods] The contours and the boundaries of collapsed gullies as well as the administration boundaries were digitalized in the 1:10 000 topographic map of Youtian town of Wuhua county, Guangdong province. The number and area of collapsed gullies on different slope aspects were calculated by ArcGIS and manual method. The number and area of collapsed gullies in the previous studies were re-counted. 2-slope-aspect refers to the slope aspect is classified into sunny slope and shady slope. 3-slope-aspect refers to the slope aspect is classified into sunny slope, semi-sunny slope and shady slope. 8-slope-aspect refers to the slope aspect is classified into north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west and northwest.[Results] 1) Although the number and area of collapsed gullies on every slope aspect were different using two methods in Youtian town, but the distribution law of collapsed gullies was the same, the number and area of collapsed gullies on the sunny and southern slope aspect were separately more than those of the shady and north. Collapsed gullies on the sunny slopes accounted for 66.5% of the total while those on shady slopes accounted for 33.5% in 2-slope-aspect. The gullies on the sunny slope accounted for 45.0% and 16.9% on shady slope in 3-slope-aspect; the gullies on the southern slope accounted for 13.8% and 1.3% north slope in 8-slope-aspect. The area of shady slope land in the town was more than that of the sunny one, and the area of the northern slopes was larger than that of the south slopes. 2) After unifying slope aspect standard, the number and area of collapsed gullies on sunny slope were significantly more than those of the shady ones (P<0.05), the gullies on the southern and southwest slopes were more than those on the northern ones. Collapsed gullies on the sunny slope accounted for 70.3% and 29.7% on shady ones in 2-slope-aspect; the collapsed gullies on the sunny slope accounted for 53.5% and 19.4% on shady in 3-slope-aspect; and the collapsed gullies accounted for 20.7% on southern slope, 20.2% on southwest slope and 5.2% on northern in 8-slope-aspect.[Conclusions] The slope aspect selection law of collapsed gully in Youtian town of Wuhua county was no relevant to the slope aspect standard or computing method or the slope aspects distribution of the town land. Combing all former studies data after unifying slope standard, collapsed gullies were mainly on sunny slope, the collapsed gullies on south and southwest slopes were the most, and the smallest on north. The quantitative distribution of collapsed gullies on different slope aspects was achieved.

Key words： collapsed gully (Beng Gang) GIS slope aspect quantitative distribution

收稿日期: 2016-11-17

PACS:

S157.1

基金资助:国家自然科学基金"基于3D激光扫描技术的风化花岗岩崩岗侵蚀泥沙来源空间分布研究"（41301301）；广东省水利科技创新项目"三维激光扫描技术在广东崩岗侵蚀监测中的应用研究"（2012-14）；广东省科学院实施创新驱动发展能力建设专项资金项目"地理科技创新与产业化应用能力建设"（2017GDASCX-0101）

作者简介: 温美丽(1976-),女,博士,副研究员。主要研究方向:土壤侵蚀与水土保持。E-mail:wenml@gdas.ac.cn

引用本文:

温美丽¹, 陈瑜², 何小武², 杨龙¹, 周晴¹. 基于GIS的崩岗分布及坡向选择性验证[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2018, 16(3): 1-7.
WEN Meili, CHEN Yu, HE Xiaowu, YANG Long, ZHOU Qing. Distribution of collapsed gullies (Beng Gang) using GIS and verification of slope aspect selection. SSWC, 2018, 16(3): 1-7.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2018.03.001 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2018/V16/I3/1

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