Effects of different amendments on the yield of surface runoff and loss of nutrients along loess slope soybean farmland
LI Hujun, WANG Quanjiu, TAO Wanghai, CHAI Jing, ZHAO Guangxu
1. State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area Xi'an University of Technology, 710048, Xi'an, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dry-land Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Abstract：[Background] Soil erosion caused by rainfall contributes significantly to land degradation and nonpoint source pollution in the Loess Plateau. The application of soil amendment agent may improve soil structure and promote crop growth, which is of significance to reduce soil erosion and improve soil fertility.[Methods] In order to clarify the influence of three different amendments (Polyacrylamide (PAM), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and humic acid (HA)) on characteristics of surface runoff, sediment transport and nutrients losses on soil water and the distribution of nutrients in soil profile of soybean(Glycine max L.) fields during the heavy rainstorm (rainfall intensity was 100 mm/h), a stimulated rainfall experiment was performed at Changwu State Key Agro-Experimental Station on the Loess Plateau.[Results] Compared with CK (without soil amendment), the application of PAM and CMC amendments reduced soil infiltration capacity and increased surface runoff, and the total runoff amount increased by 20.8% and 12.1% respectively while HA had no significant influence on surface runoff. By comparison, three soil amendments had effects on reducing sediment yield. The sediment yield were reduced by PAM, CMC and HA, and the reduction rate were 34.8%, 22.5% and 7.9%, respectively. Hence, PAM worked best in reducing rainfall erosion. PAM and CMC had a better performance in inhibiting ammonium nitrogen losses than that of the HA and CK in the middle and late stage. There was no obvious effects of soil amendment on soluble phosphorus loss, but PAM treatment resulted in a highest loss of soluble phosphorus which was 1.13 times amount of CK. There was a highest ammonium nitrogen loss under CK condition, followed by PAM, CMC and HA. The content of ammonium nitrogen at the depth of 15 cm was the highest under PAM treatment condition, followed by CMC, CK and HA. And HA increased the leaching depth of ammonium nitrogen. In addition, soil available phosphorus was mainly concentrated in the inner 10 cm of surface soil layer.[Conclusions] Soil amendments like PAM, CMC and HA can play a certain role in the reduction of soil erosion and preventing nutrient over slope land on the Loess Plateau, but PAM may have no effect on soluble phosphorus loss. The results of this study may provide a scientific guidance for the rational selection and application of the local soil conditioner.
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LI Hujun, WANG Quanjiu, TAO Wanghai, CHAI Jing, ZHAO Guangxu. Effects of different amendments on the yield of surface runoff and loss of nutrients along loess slope soybean farmland. SSWC, 2017, 15(6): 117-125.
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2017, Vol. 15 
