Anti-erodibility and anti-scourability of different plantations in Simian Mountains of Chongqing
CHENG Jinhua, SHEN Ziya
1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Control, State Forestry Administration, 100083, Beijing, China
Abstract：[Background] The erosion resistance of soils can resist the damage and transport of soils by external forces. The Simian Mountains of Chongqing are rich in vegetation resources, and it is essential to study the soil erosion and anti-scouring resistance of different plantations. [Methods] In order to investigate the soil anti-erosion and anti-scouring resistance characteristics of different plantations in the Simian Mountains of Chongqing, soil anti-erosion indices (S) were calculated using waterlogging experience and anti-scouring coefficients (C) were calculated using scouring tests. Therefore, the soil erosion resistance characteristics of four forest types (coniferous forests, broadleave forests, coniferous broadleaf mixed forests, and Phydlostachy pubescens forests), with a total of nine different plant compositions, were studied in the Simian Mountains. [Results] 1) The broadleaf forest had the highest resistance index, which meant that it had the best resistance to soil erosion. The lowest resistance index was found in the P. pubescens forests, on the other hand. In the interim, soil anti-erodibility declined as soil depth increased. Natural coniferious broadleaf mixed forests' upper and bottom strata showed the biggest difference in the anti-erosion index, with a difference of up to 1.92 times. 2) The second polynomial function provided a good fit for the association between the anti-erosion index and the duration of flooding in various plantations (R2>0.95). The anti-erodibility declined as flooding time increased in all plantations. 3) The experimental results showed that the deeper the soil layer, the greater the anti-scouring coefficients and the greater anti-scouring performance of the soil. According to the data, the upper layer of the slope soil had an anti-scouring coefficient that was 1.05 to 5.79 times higher than the lower layer. Based on a comparison of the anti-scouring coefficients, broadleaf forests were found to be more resistant to impact than other forest plantations. 4) Through this experiment, soil anti-erosion indices and anti-scouring resistance coefficients were related to root features. With a significant positive correlation to the anti-erosion index (P <0.05) and a significantly negative correlation to the anti-scouoring resistance coefficient (P<0.05), respectively, were the total root length and root length density of roots with a diameter of ≤ 1 mm and >1-3 mm. However, the anti-erosion index and anti-scouring coefficient had a significantly negative correlation with total root weight and root weight density (P<0.05). [Conclusions] The soil anti-erosion and anti-scouing characteristics of different plantations, such as coniferous forests, broadleaf forests, coniferous and broadleaf mixed forests, and P. pubescens forests, were studied through waterlogging and scouring tests. The correlation between root systems and soil anti-erosian and anti-scourring resistance were analyzed. The experience was conducive to providing data support for regional soil erosion and providing a theoretical basis for the deployment of soil and water conservation measures and the selection of reasonable vegetation restoration patterns and configurations in order to prevent soil erosion in the Simian Mountains of Chongqing.
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2024, Vol. 22 
