陕北典型退耕地沙棘群落与土壤因子的耦合关系

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2020.02.001

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摘要沙棘作为水土保持林的先锋树种，在黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区广泛种植。研究沙棘与土壤的耦合关系，分析其在该区域的种植适应性以及对土壤的改良效果，可以为现有沙棘林的可持续经营和沙棘群落的合理配置提供理论依据。本研究依据陕西省吴起县典型退耕地沙棘群落植被生长状况和土壤理化性质的观测数据，通过方差分析、主成分分析和灰色关联模型探究陕北黄土区沙棘群落与土壤因子的耦合关系。结果表明：1）土壤理化性质在不同土层深度有显著差异，林分类型和坡向对土壤全氮和毛管孔隙度具有显著的交互作用，沙棘油松混交林阳坡的土壤全氮质量分数和毛管孔隙度要显著高于阴坡和其他林分类型。2）有机质、全氮和毛管孔隙度可以作为反映土壤理化性质状况的主导因子，阳坡的沙棘油松林和阴坡的沙棘纯林对土壤的改良效果较好。3）各土壤因子与沙棘群落的灰色关联度均值排序为：毛管孔隙度 > 全氮 > 有机质 > 非毛管孔隙度 > 速效磷 > 土壤密度 > 速效钾。沙棘群落植被的生长与土壤理化性质的改良之间存在较强的相互促进作用，表明沙棘适宜于陕北黄土区种植。为了促进沙棘对土壤的改良以达到植被演替的目的，在阳坡沙棘纯林适宜朝向沙棘混交林改造，而在阴坡则更适合沙棘纯林这一配置模式。

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关键词 ：沙棘, 林分类型, 土壤理化性质, 相互作用, 水蚀风蚀交错区

Abstract：[Background] As a pioneer species of soil and water conservation forests, Hippophae rhamnoides is widely planted in the water-wind erosion interlaced region of the Loess Plateau. Information on its adaptability and effects on soils is valuable for the management of forest land in this area. The growth and development of H. rhamnoides may change soil physical and chemical properties which will affect the plant growth as a feedback. That is, there may be a certain coupling relationship between soil and vegetation. Studying the coupling relationship between soil and H.rhammoides may provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable management of H. rhamnoides forest.[Methods] Based on the soil physiochemical properties and growth status of vegetation of H. rhamnoides community in typical converting farmland to forest area in Wuqi county, Shaanxi province, variance analysis method was used to determine the differences in soil physical and chemical properties among different soil depths, stand types and slope aspects. Principal component analysis was used to compare the differences in soil physical and chemical properties of different stand types of H. rhamnoides. The gray correlation model was used to analyze the correlation between soil factors and tree height, basal diameter of H. rhamnoides and herb layer biomass under H. rhamnoides forest.[Results] 1) The soil physical and chemical properties of H. rhamnoides community varied significantly in different soil depths. Stand type and aspects had significantly interactive effect on soil total nitrogen and capillary porosity. Soil total nitrogen and capillary porosity of the Pinus tabuliformis+H. rhamnoides on sunny slope were significantly higher than those on shady slope and other stand types. 2) Soil organic matter, total nitrogen and capillary porosity were the dominant factors reflecting the soil physical and chemical properties. The pure H. rhamnoides forest on shady slope and the Pinus tabuliformis+H. rhamnoides on sunny slope exhibited higher soil improvement. 3) The order of average gray correlation degree between the H. rhamnoides community and soil factors was capillary porosity > total nitrogen > organic matter > non-capillary porosity > available phosphorus > soil density > available potassium.[Conculsions] There is a strong mutual promotion between the growth of vegetation in H. rhamnoides community and the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties. Therefore, H. rhamnoides is suitable for being planted in the loess area of northern Shaanxi. In order to promote the improvement of soil by H. rhamnoides to achieve the purpose of vegetation succession, the pure H. rhamnoides forest on sunny slope is suggested as the transformation of Pinus tabuliformis+H. rhamnoides, while the pure H. rhamnoides forest is more suitable for shady slope.

Key words： Hippophae rhamnoides stand types soil physical and chemical properties interaction water-wind erosion interlaced region

收稿日期: 2019-03-15

PACS:

S714.5

基金资助:十三五国家重点研发计划课题"水蚀风蚀交错区植被群落构建与沙棘高效种植关键技术及示范"(2016YFC0501705),"黄土高原生态修复模式的格局-结构-功能关系"(2016YFC0501602);国家科技支撑课题"困难立地植被恢复技术研究与示范"(2015BAD07B00)

通讯作者: 魏天兴(1969-),男,博士,教授。主要研究方向:林业生态工程与流域自然地理过程。E-mail:weitx@bjfu.edu.cn E-mail: weitx@bjfu.edu.cn

作者简介: 周文洁(1995-),女,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:资源环境规划与管理。E-mail:zhouwenjie1995@bjfu.edu.cn

引用本文:

周文洁, 魏天兴, 刘广全, 朱清科. 陕北典型退耕地沙棘群落与土壤因子的耦合关系[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2020, 18(2): 1-9.
ZHOU Wenjie, WEI Tianxing, LIU Guangquan, ZHU Qingke. Coupling relationship between Hippophae rhamnoides community and soil factor in typical returning farmland to forest area in northern Shaanxi province. SSWC, 2020, 18(2): 1-9.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2020.02.001 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2020/V18/I2/1

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