Abstract：[Background]A large amount of solid waste results from the large-scale mining of iron ore, thus it seriously damages the ecological environment. The soil erosion, environmental pollution and soil degradation occur in the iron tailings area, thus reclamation of iron tailings is very important to improve the ecological quality of mining area. Because the tailings reconstituted soil type is different from the general natural soil, the effects of reclaimed soil types on water storage and infiltration processes remains being discussed.[Methods]In this research, the double-ring infiltration method was used to study the soil infiltration process and water storage characteristics of 6 reclamation patterns (STJ tailings-soil-mushroom residue, ST1 tailings-soil, ST2 tailings-soil, SJ1 tailings-mushroom residue, SJ2 tailings-mushroom residue, and T pure soil) and control bare sand(CK),and three infiltration models of Horton, Philip,and Kostiakov were used to simulate the water infiltration process.[Results] 1)The improvements of soil water storage performance by reclamation were as followed:soil non-capillary water storage > soil saturated water storage > soil capillary water storage. The water-holding capacity in the reclamation mode of mixed mushroom residue (SJ1,SJ2,and STJ)is higher than that in the reclamation patterns of mixed soil (ST1 and ST2). 2)The soils in 6 reclamation patterns had the same trend of average infiltration rate and initial infiltration rate,which was 1.17-4.93 times of the bare sand, and the infiltration performance of pure soil was the best in different reclamation patterns. The average infiltration of mixed mushroom residue (SJ1, SJ2, and STJ)(1.958 mm/min) was higher than that of mixed soil (ST1 and ST2)(1.106 mm/min). 3)The model fitting accuracy analysis showed that Horton model was suitable for simulating the infiltration process of bare tailings and Kostiakov model was the best model to describe the others. 4)For the seven reclamation patterns with short reclamation years,bulk density and porosity were the key factors affecting the infiltration performance of the tailings,and the relationship with vegetation types was not obvious.[Conclusions]The data of this study shows that the soil mixed mushroom residue has higher water storage capacity and infiltration performance, which is beneficial to plant absorption and accelerated vegetation restoration process. Considering the iron ore tail area is lacking soil source, in practice, it can be considered to apply mushroom residue as an modified material in iron tailings to repair the ecological environment, which is conducive to soil and water conservation and sustainable growth of vegetation. The results of water infiltration studies of soils in different reclamation patterns can provide theoretical support for further ecological restoration and soil-water conservation of iron tailings.
吕春娟, 陈丹, 郭星星, 王煜, 郭岩松. 铁尾矿不同复垦模式土壤贮水能力及入渗特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(4): 59-66.
LV Chunjuan, CHEN Dan, GUO Xingxing, WANG Yu, GUO Yansong. Water storage capacity and the infiltration characteristics of soil in different reclamation modes in iron tailings. SSWC, 2019, 17(4): 59-66.
WANG Yunqiang,SHAO Mingan, LIU Zhipeng,et al. Regional-scale variation and distribution patterns of soil saturated hydraulic conductivities in surface and subsurface layers in the loessial soils of China[J]. Journal of Hydrology,2013,487(487):13.
[2]
陈三雄,沈义. 黄浦江源头区主要植被类型土壤入渗特征及模拟分析[J]. 水土保持研究,2016, 23(6):59. CHEN Sanxiong, SHEN Yi. Soil infiltration characteristics and simulation analysis of main vegetation types in the source area of Huangpu River[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(6):59.
[3]
刘霞,张光灿, 李雪蕾,等. 小流域生态修复过程中不同森林植被土壤入渗与贮水特征[J]. 水土保持学报,2004,18(6):1. LIU Xia,ZHANG Guangcan,LI Xuelei,et al. Soil infiltration and water storage characteristics of different forest vegetation in ecological restoration process in small watershed[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,18(6):1.
[4]
徐勤学,李春茂,陈洪松,等. 喀斯特峰丛坡地灌木林地与梯田旱地土壤水分入渗特征[J]. 农业工程学报,2018,34(8):124. XU Qinxue,LI Chunmao,CHEN Hongsong,et al. Characteristics of soil water infiltration in shrub land and terraced dryland in karst peak sloping land[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2018,34(8):124.
[5]
王丽,梦丽,张金池,等. 不同植被恢复模式下矿区废弃地土壤水分物理性质研究[J]. 中国水土保持,2010(3):54. WANG Li, MENG Li, ZHANG Jinchi, et al. Study on soil water physical properties of abandoned land in different vegetation restoration modes[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2010(3):54.
[6]
GUEBERT M D,GARDNER T W. Macropore flow on a reclaimed surface mineinfiltration and hillslope hydrology[J]. Geomorphology, 2001, 39(3):151.
[7]
BYRNE C F,STORMENT J C,STONE M C. Soil water balance dynamics on reclaimed mine land in the southwestern United States[J]. Journal of Arid Environments,2017,136:28.
[8]
KOFODZIEJ B,BRYK M,SFOWIFSKA-JURKIEWICZ A,et al. Soil physical properties of agriculturally reclaimed area after lignite mine:A case study from central Poland[J]. Soil & Tillage Research,2016,163:54.
[9]
BEDI A,SINGH B R,DESHMUKH S K, et al. An Aspergillus aculateus strain was capable of producing agriculturally useful nanoparticles via bioremediation of iron ore tailings[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2018(215):100.
[10]
黄勇刚. 我国铁尾矿资源的利用现状及展望[J]. 资源与产业,2013,15(3):40. HUANG Yonggang. Current status and prospects of utilization of iron tailings resources in China[J]. Resources & Industries,2013,15(3):40.
[11]
付文昊,王岩,于清芹,等. 不同土壤改良模式对铁尾矿复垦效果的影响[J]. 北方园艺,2012(8):158. FU Wenbiao,WANG Yan,YU Qingqin, et al. Effects of different soil improvement models on the reclaiming effect of iron tailings[J]. Northern Horticulture,2012(8):158.
[12]
杨萌. 朝阳铁矿尾砂大量施用对土壤理化性质及作物生长状况的影响[D]. 沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2016:17. YANG Meng. Effects of large-scale application of tailings in Chaoyang Iron Mine on soil physical and chemical properties and crop growth[D]. Shenyang:Shenyang Agricultural University,2016:17.
[13]
张宝娟,郭耸松,李继泉,等. 掺土和施肥对铁尾矿基质理化性质及油松、樟子松幼苗生长的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2015, 51(5):12. ZHANG Baojuan,GUO Shusong,LI Jiquan,et al. Effects of soil and fertilization on the physical and chemical properties of iron tailings matrix and the growth of Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings[J]. Forestry Science,2015,51(5):12.
[14]
闫东锋, 杨喜田. 豫南山区典型林地土壤入渗特征及影响因素分析[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2011, 9(6):43. YAN Dongfeng,YANG Xitian. Analysis of soil infiltration characteristics and influencing factors of typical forest land in mountainous areas of southern Henan[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,9(6):43.
[15]
任宗萍,张光辉,王兵,等. 双环直径对土壤入渗速率的影响[J]. 水土保持学报,2012,26(4):94. REN Zongping,ZHANG Guanghui,WANG Bing,et al. Effect of double-ring diameter on soil infiltration rate[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2012, 26(4):94.
[16]
李志飞, 赵雨森, 辛颖,等. 阿什河上游3种人工林土壤贮水量与入渗特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2010, 8(1):77. LI Zhifei, ZHAO Yusen,XIN Ying,et al. Soil water storage and infiltration characteristics of three artificial forests in the upper reaches of the Ash River[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,8(1):77.
[17]
魏强,王芳,陈文业,等. 黄河上游玛曲不同退化程度高寒草地土壤物理特性研究[J]. 水土保持通报,2010, 30(5):16. WEI Qiang,WANG Fang,CHEN Wenye,et al. Soil physical properties of alpine grassland with different degree of degradation in the upper Reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,30(5):16.
[18]
谢修鸿,梁运江,李玉. 黑木耳菌糠改良苏打盐碱土效果研究[J]. 水土保持学报,2008,22(5):130. XIE Xiuhong,LIANG Yunjiang,LI Yu. Study on the effect of Auricularia auricula on modified soda saline-alkali soil[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,22(5):130.
[19]
赵维俊,刘贤德,张学龙,等. 祁连山西水林区亚高山灌丛土壤入渗性能研究[J]. 水土保持学报,2015,29(2):106. ZHAO Weijun,LIU Xiande,ZHANG Xuelong,et al. Study on soil infiltration performance of subalpine shrubs in the water forest area of Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2015,29(2):106.
[20]
JORDAN S N,MULLEN G J,MURPHY M C. Composition variability of spent mushroom compost in Ireland[J]. Bioresource Technology,2008, 99(2):411.
[21]
HACKETT R. Spent mushroom compost as a nitrogen source for spring barley[J]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2015,102(2):253.
[22]
ROY S,BARMAN S,CHAKRABORTY U,et al. Evaluation of spent mushroom substrate as biofertilizer for growth improvement of Capsicum annuum L.[J]. Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology,2015,3:022.
[23]
HUANG Lei,ZHANG Peng,HU Yigang,et al. Vegetation succession and soil infiltration characteristics under different aged refuse dumps at the Heidaigou opencast coal mine[J]. Global Ecology & Conservation,2015,4:255.
2019, Vol. 17 
