During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China's archival legislation construction achieved significant progress under the guidance of the Archives Law and the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Archival Development. Administrative regulations, centered on the Archives Law Implementation Regulations, refined provisions of superior laws. Departmental rules focused on specialized issues, emphasizing unified norms and informatization. Local regulations incorporated regional realities, highlighting features such as the protection of red archives and data sharing. In specific research areas, public law studies prioritized the coordination between the Archives Law and the Criminal Law and the optimization of administrative penalty mechanisms, while private law research explored the confirmation and relief of archival rights, clarifying pathways for civil liability application. However, challenges remain, including the absence of market-oriented legislation for archival data elements, insufficient indication and response functions between the Archives Law and the Criminal Law, and ambiguous standards for mental distress compensation. This paper reviews the achievements of archival legislation during the 14th Five-Year Plan period and looks forward to the prospects for the 15th Five-Year Plan, proposing systematic advancement in legislation for archival data elements, improved criminal governance through interpretative approaches, refined rules for mental distress compensation in personnel archive loss disputes, and the modernization of archival legal frameworks and governance capabilities.