As a receipt issued to taxpayers during the Qing Dynasty for the collection of land taxes, the chuanpiao holds significant legal and historical value. To trace the text's value, extract information from its medium, and extend the document's lifespan, this paper studies the Huizhou Document Qian Liang Piao Ben ( a blank account book accompanied by 105 serial tax receipts dating from the Daoguang reign period of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China era) held in the museum of Renmin University of China. Utilizing content verification, basic performance testing, damage investigation, and internal structural component analysis, the study found that the chuanpiao were primarily made of bamboo paper, with complex writing and printing materials. Severe ink damage issues such as ink spreading and smudging were identified. Infrared and XRF analyses revealed two types of ink: pine soot ink and oil soot ink. The adhesive substance was identified as animal bone glue, with alum added to the ink pad. The paper fillers were kaolin and talcum powder. This research provides evidence for understanding the tax system at the grassroots level during the Qing Dynasty and offers theoretical and practical guidance for the protection and restoration of Huizhou documents and chuanpiao.