三峡库区腹地地形因子空间差异及其对CSLE模型结果的影响

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2023003

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摘要解析三峡库区腹地地形因子空间分布差异，为进一步加强土壤侵蚀模型在三峡地区应用的准确性与合理性提供科学依据。基于30、12.5和5.0 m分辨率DEM数据，采用多流向法、汇流面积法和分段坡长法，结合GIS平台分析地形因子，利用CSLE模型探讨土壤侵蚀信息差异。结果表明：1）3种分辨率下，3种方法的地形因子都表现为最大值较高，平均值很低，分辨率越高，平均值变高。基于30 和12.5 m分辨率DEM提取计算的地形因子出现大量0值栅格，不足以表征具体的地形因子，评价区域土壤侵蚀空间分布时建议采用 > 5 m分辨率的地形因子。2）基于DEM采用3种算法计算的地形因子在各坡段上普遍高于经实测坡度坡长取得的地形因子，坡度 > 25°的地形因子相对误差较大。3）基于3种地形因子算法下运行CSLE模型评价的区域平均土壤侵蚀模数无明显差别，但具体分析侵蚀强度、各坡段侵蚀模数或侵蚀量时存在差异。三峡库区地形因子采用分段坡长法相对合理，但仍需斟酌细沟与沟间侵蚀比率对模型评价该区土壤侵蚀的影响。研究结果可为三峡地区应用经验模型准确评价土壤侵蚀提供参考。

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	杨建和
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关键词 ：土壤侵蚀模型, 地形因子, 空间差异, 三峡库区

Abstract：Background This work aims to analyze the spatial distribution differences of topographic factors in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, and to provide scientific basis for further strengthening the accuracy and rationality of the application of soil erosion models in the Three Gorges region. Methods Based on the DEM data of 30, 12.5 and 5 m resolution, the multi-flow direction method, catchment area method and segmented slope length method were used to analyze the terrain factors in combination with the GIS platform, and the CSLE model was used to explore the difference of soil erosion information. Results 1) Under the three resolutions, the terrain factors of the three methods are higher in maximum value and lower in average value. The higher the resolution, the higher the average value. The terrain factors extracted and calculated based on the DEM with the resolution of 30.0 and 12.5 m have a large number of zero-value grids, which are not enough to represent the specific terrain factors. It is recommended to use the terrain factors with the resolution of > 5 m when evaluating the spatial distribution of regional soil erosion. 2) The terrain factors calculated by three algorithms based on DEM are generally higher than those obtained by the measured slope length on each slope section, and the relative error of terrain factors with slope > 25° is relatively large. 3) There is no significant difference in the regional average soil erosion modulus evaluated by CSLE model based on three terrain factor algorithms, but there are differences in the specific analysis of erosion intensity, erosion modulus or erosion amount of each slope section.Conclusions The segmented slope length method is relatively reasonable for the terrain factors in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, but it is still necessary to consider the impact of the rill and gully erosion ratio on the model to evaluate the soil erosion in the area. This study can provide reference for the application of empirical model to accurately evaluate soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

Key words： soil erosion model topographic factor spatial variation Three Gorges Reservoir area

收稿日期: 2023-01-05

PACS:

S157.1

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目“水土保持信息化技术在艰险山区弃渣场规划选址中的应用研究”(Y7A2030030)

通讯作者: 严冬春（1981—），男，博士，副研究员。主要研究方向：土壤侵蚀与水土保持。E-mail：yandc@imde.ac.cn E-mail: yandc@imde.ac.cn

作者简介: 杨建和（1995—），男，硕士研究生。主要研究方向：土壤侵蚀与水土保持。E-mail：yangjianhe@imde.ac.cn

引用本文:

杨建和, 肖莉, 黄川雄, 严冬春, 文安邦. 三峡库区腹地地形因子空间差异及其对CSLE模型结果的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2025, 23(1): 40-50.
YANG Jianhe, XIAO Li, HUANG Chuanxiong, YAN Dongchun, WEN Anbang. Spatial difference of terrain factors in the hinterland of Three Gorges Reservoir area and its influence on the results of CSLE model. SSWC, 2025, 23(1): 40-50.

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