|
|
|
| Paths and prevention of sediment during storm-runoff on the Loess Plateau: Based on the rainstorm of 2017-07-26 in Wuding River |
| GAO Haidong1, LI Zhanbin1,2, LI Peng1, REN Zongping1, YANG Yuanyuan1, WANG Jie1 |
1. State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in the Norwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, 710048, Xi'an, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and Ministry of Water Resources, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract [Background] The large-scale ecological construction of loess plateau has significantly reduced the amount of sediment transport in the Yellow River, but the amount of sediment transport of some typical tributaries is still high in the rainstorm condition. On July 26, 2017, heavy rainstorm hit the Wuding river, the peak discharge reached 4 480 m3/s, maximum sediment concentration was 837 kg/m3, which is the maximum recorded value since the construction of Baijiachuan hydrologic station.[Methods] After rainstorm, we carried on an investigation on the erosion and sediment transport characteristics in typical watershed.[Results] Under rainstorm, the soil erosion modulus of the small watershed is still very high, while due to the check dam system, the sediment delivery ratio is significantly reduced. In the background of the large-scale ecological governance, the main path of sediment transport in hilly gully region of Loess Plateau was terraced fields→sloping farmland→road→gully→check dam break→spoil in channel.[Conclusions] In view of the sediment transport path, the author puts forward five countermeasures for the prevention and control of the Loess Plateau under the new situation:1) Improving the small watershed→a tributary→the mainstream of the Yellow River sediment transport channel, to ensure sediment transport fluently; 2) Keep promoting the Grain-for-Green Project and sloping to terrace project to strengthen the management of sloping farmland; 3) To strengthen the construction of rural road and control the capacity of slope runoff, prevention of road and gully erosion; 4) To enlargement the management of terraces; 5) To enhance the construction of project supervision, control construction projects spoil.
|
|
Received: 09 October 2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] |
水利部,中国科学院,中国工程院.中国水土流失防治与生态安全(西北黄土高原区卷).北京:科学出版社,2010:50. The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Engineering. Water loss and soil erosion and ecological security of China:the Loess Plateau[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2010:50.
|
| [2] |
刘国彬,上官周平,姚文艺,等. 黄土高原生态工程的生态成效[J].中国科学院院刊,2017,32(1):11. LIU Guobin, SHANGGUAN Zhouping, YAO Wenyi, et al. Ecological effects of soil conservation in Loess Plateau[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2017, 32(1):11.
|
| [3] |
高海东,庞国伟,李占斌,等.黄土高原植被恢复潜力研究[J].地理学报,2017,72(5):863. GAO Haidong, PANG Guowei, LI Zhanbin, et al. Evaluating the potential of vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau[J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(5):863.
|
| [4] |
黄河上中游管理局.黄河流域水土保持概论[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2011:10. Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yellow River Administrative Bureau. Introduction to the Yellow River basin[M]. Zhengzhou:Yellow River Water Conservancy Press, 2011:10.
|
| [5] |
焦菊英,王万中.黄土高原水平梯田质量及水土保持效果的分析[J].农业工程学报,1999(2):59. JIAO Juying, WANG Wanzhong. Quality and soil-water conservation effectiveness of level terrace on the Loess Plateau[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 1999(2):59.
|
| [6] |
李慧娟,高建恩,张元星,等.延安极端降雨特性分析及对梯田侵蚀灾害影响[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(6):79. LI Huijuan, GAO Jianen, ZHANG Yuanxing, et al. Analysis of Yan'an extreme rainfall characteristics and impacts of erosion disasters on terraces[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016, 30(6):79.
|
| [7] |
田风霞,王占礼,郑世清,等.黄土道路侵蚀过程模拟试验研究[J].水土保持通报,2007,27(2):1. TIAN Fengxia, WANG Zhanli, ZHENG Shiqing, et al. Experiment modeling of soil erosion processes on loess roads based on simulated experiment[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2007, 27(2):1.
|
| [8] |
胡春宏.黄河水沙变化与治理方略研究[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(10):1. HU Chunhong. Changes in runoff and sediment loads of the Yellow River and its management strategies[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering, 2016, 35(10):1.
|
| [9] |
刘晓燕,王富贵,杨胜天,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区水平梯田减沙作用研究[J].水利学报,2014,45(7):793. LIU Xiaoyan, WANG Fugui, YANG Shengtian, et al. Sediment reduction effect of level terrace in the hilly-gully region in the Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2014, 45(7):793.
|
| [10] |
白先发,高建恩,贾立志,等.极端暴雨条件下黄土区典型梯田防蚀效果研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):10. BAI Xianfa, GAO Jian'en, JIA Lizhi, et al. Preliminary study of effects of different terraces on erosion control in Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2015, 22(3):10.
|
|
|
|
