Effects of different land uses on the runoff and sediment yield in red soil slope, Jiangxi
GU Chaojun1, ZHU Yongqing1, HUANG Liwen1, MU Xingmin2, SUN Yu1, SUN Qishi1, CHEN Yifang1
1. Yangtze River Basin Monitoring Center Station for Soil and Water Conservation, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, 430012, Wuhan, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Abstract：[Background] Red soil zone is one of the most severe hydraulic eroded area in China, Jiangxi province belongs to the typical southern red soil area, and the area of soil erosion on the red soil slope exceeds 20% of the total land area of the province. The influence of external forces on the slope erosion of soil is the main cause of soil erosion. Thus,figuring out the influence of external force on red soil slope erosion is of great importance to land management and agricultural development.[Methods] In this study, the small watershed of Tiger Mountain in Taihe county, Jiangxi province, red soil zone in the south was selected. A total of 6 runoff communities with a slope of 8° of 20m long and 5m wide were set up in the slope runoff field.The amount of soil erosion was calculated based on the amount of sediment. This study analyzed the relationship of runoff and sediment yield on the red soil hillslope with rainfall and land-use, based on observed runoff data from Tiger MountainWatershed Comprehensive Observation, using correlation analysis and regression analysis methods.[Results] The average annual reduction benefit of soil and water conservation measures adopted by the experimental station in 2018-2020, the runoff and sediment yield can be reduced by 20.60% to 83.99% and 58.48% to 99.53%, respectively, and the sediment reduction benefit was greater than the reduction benefit. Between different land uses, the capacity of forest land interception was large. Between different months,over 60% runoff discharge and sediment yield occurred during June and July. [Conclusions] Compared to bare land, grasss land showed better performance on decreasing the capability of water and sediment transfer on hillslope. The suggestion in the process of local soil and water conservation ecological construction, mixed forest measures should be appropriate, attention should be paid to the care and management of under-forest vegetation in single-species woodlands, increasing the coverage under the forest. At the same time, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of soil erosion during different periods.
顾朝军, 朱永清, 黄立文, 穆兴民, 孙宇, 孙奇石, 陈逸方. 不同土地利用对江西红壤坡地产流产沙的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2022, 20(4): 10-18.
GU Chaojun, ZHU Yongqing, HUANG Liwen, MU Xingmin, SUN Yu, SUN Qishi, CHEN Yifang. Effects of different land uses on the runoff and sediment yield in red soil slope, Jiangxi. SSWC, 2022, 20(4): 10-18.
张展羽,左长清,刘玉含,等.水土保持综合措施对红壤坡地养分流失作用过程研究[J].农业工程学报,2008, 24(11):41.ZHANG Zhanyu, ZUO Changqing, LIU Yuhan, et al.Process of nutrient loss of red-soil slope land under comprehensive soil and water conservation measures[J].Transactions of the CSAE, 2008, 24(11):41.
[2]
唐克丽,史立人,史明德.中国水土保持[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:1.TANG Keli, SHI Liren, SHI Mingde.Soil and water conservation in China[M].Beijing:Science Press, 2004:1.
[3]
吕玉娟,彭新华,高磊,等.红壤丘陵岗地区坡地产流产沙特征及影响因素研究[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(6):19.LÜ Yujuan, PENG Xinhua, GAO Lei, et al.Characeristics of runoff and soil loss and their influential factors on sloping land in red soil hilly region[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014,28(6):19.
[4]
田日昌,陈洪松,王克林,等.红壤坡地不同覆被类型地表径流对降水特征的响应[J].自然资源学报,2009,24(6):1058.TIAN Richang, CHEN Hongsong, WANG Kelin, et al.The relationship between rainfall and surface runoff on sloping land with different land cover types in red-soil hilly region[J].Journal of Natural Resources, 2009, 24(6):1058.
[5]
邓可楠,朱焱,刘昭,等.不同下垫面红壤坡面产流的特征与过程模拟[J].中国农村水利水电:2021(6):1.DENG Kenan, ZHU Yan, LIU Zhao, et al.Characteristics and numerical simulation of runoff on red soil slope with different coverings in soil surface[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower:2021(6):1.
[6]
宋月君,黄炎和,杨洁,等.赣中第四纪红壤区马尾松林下水土流失特征及防治成效分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(4):119.SONG Yuejun,HUANG Yanhe,YANG Jie, et al.The characteristics of soil and water loss in Pinus massoniana forest in red soil region of Jiangxi province and the effect of soil and water conservation[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2018,32(4):119.
[7]
胡实,谢小立,王凯荣.红壤坡地不同土地利用类型地表产流特征[J].生态与农村环境学报,2007, 23(4):24.HU Shi, XIE Xiaoli, WANG Kairong.Characteristics of surface runoff in slopelands different in land use in red soil region[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2007,23(4):24.
[8]
张杰,陈晓安,汤崇军,等.典型水土保持措施对红壤坡地柑橘园水土保持效益的影响[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(24):165.ZHANG Jie, CHEN Xiao'an, TANG Chongjun, et al.Benefit evaluation on typical soil and water conservation measures in citrus orchard on red soil slope[J].Transactions of the CSAE, 2017,33(24):165.
[9]
汪邦稳,肖胜生,张光辉,等.南方红壤区不同利用土地产流产沙特征试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(2):239.WANG Bangwen, XIAO Shengsheng, ZHANG Guanghui, et al.Study on runoff and sediment yield characteristics under different land uses in red soil area of southern China[J].Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, 28(2):239.
[10]
王诗星,吕锡芝,魏义长,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被坡面产流产沙效应研究[J].中国水土保持,2021(3):31.WANG Shixing, LÜ Xizhi, WEI Yichang, et al.Runoff and sediment yields of different vegetation slopes in the gullied rolling loess area[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China,2021(3):31.
[11]
彭浩,李忠武,刘春,等.湘中低山丘陵区坡面产流输沙对降雨、土壤类型及水保措施的综合响应特征[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(2):60.PENG Hao, LI Zhongwu, LIU Chun, et al.Comprehensive response characteristics of runoff and sediment yield on rainfall,soil type and water conservation measures in hilly area of central Hunan province[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation.2019,33(2):60.
[12]
WISCHMEIER W H,SMITH D D.Rainfall energy and its relationship to soil loss[J].Transactions of American Geophysical Union, 1958, 39(3):285.
[13]
水利部.水土保持综合治理效益计算方法:GB/T 15774-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2009:10.Ministry of Water Resources.Calculation method of benefits of comprehensive management of soil and water conservation:GB/T 15774-2008[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2009:10.
[14]
陈瑾.水土保持径流小区监测方法探讨:以甘肃省定西市安家沟监测点为例[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(2):94.CHEN Jing.Methods of runoff measurement from plot scales:Taking Anjiagou catchment in Dingxi, Gansu as an example[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2009, 29(2):94.
[15]
张树斌.文斗河小流域不同土地利用方式产流产沙分析[J].中国水土保持,2020(12):37 ZHANG Shubin.Sediment yield and runoff under different land use patterns in Wendou River watershed[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2020(12):37.
[16]
陈利者,李致家,李巧玲,等.我国降雨径流关系的区域规律研究[J].水力发电,2014,40(3):8.CHEN Lizhe, LI Zhijia, LI Qiaoling, et al.Research on regional law of rainfall runoff relationship of China[J].Water Power, 2014,40(3):8.
[17]
赖承义,左舒翟,任引.不同生态修复措施和环境因素对亚热带红壤区针叶纯林坡面水土保持功能的影响[J].生态学报,2021,41(12):4913.LAI Chengyi, ZUO Shudi, REN Yin.Impacts of different ecological restoration measures and environmental factors onwater and soil conservation of the slope in the pure coniferous forest of the subtropical red soil area[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2021,41(12):4913.
[18]
汤崇军,刘宇,徐爱珍,等.红壤径流小区覆被格局的水土保持效应评价[J].中国水土保持科学, 2020, 18(2):36.TANG Chongjun, LIU Yu, XU Aizhen, et al.Effect assessment of land cover pattern on soil and water loss on red soil plots[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020, 18(2):36.
[19]
石海霞,梁音,朱绪超,等.南方红壤区水土流失治理成效的多尺度趋势分析[J].中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(3):66.SHI Haixia, LIANG Yin, ZHU Xuchao, et al.Multi-scale trend analysis of soil and water erosion control effect in the red soil region of South China[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 17(3):66.
[20]
姜德文.汇聚海量数据深化应用场景开创智慧水土保持[J].中国水土保持科学, 2022, 20(2):1.JIANG Dewen.Gathering massive data, deepening application scenarios and creating intelligent soil and water conservation[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2022, 20(2):1.
[21]
乔殿新.国家水土保持监测点发展思考[J].中国水土保持,2019(6):56.QIAO Dianxin.Thinking on the development of national soil and water conservation monitoring sites[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2019(6):56.
2022, Vol. 20 
