Effects of rainfall and cropping patterns on the soil erosion characteristics of lateritic red soil slope
LI Guifang1, WANG Jianhua1, XIE Fuqian2, LIANG Zhixin2, QIU Fan1
1. College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 530004, Nanning, China; 2. Guanxi Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring Station, 530023, Nanning, China
Abstract：[Background] Cropping pattern is an important factor that has significant impact on soil erosion characteristics. Soil erosion under farmland, which is a typical phenomenon in red soil region of South China, can cause decline of soil quantity and destroys local ecological environment. To provide the basis for effective prevention and control of soil erosion in different regions, soil erosion characteristics of lateritic red soil under different cropping patterns was explored in the middle area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.[Methods] In this study, by using natural rainfall experience, rainfalls and sediment yields were observed in 2017 at Mu Mianlu watershed in Nama county, Nanning city, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 3 different treatments of crop rotation, intercropping treatment and abandoned land. Rainfall characteristics were measured by using tipping-bucket rain gauge. The runoff, runoff coefficient and sediment yield were analyzed according to individual rainfall level.[Results] 1) Rainfall was dispersed in 2017, and mainly happened in March to August, which was amount 88.2% of the total rainfall amount (1 457.9 mm). Total erosive rainfall was 1 082.2 mm, and the main rainfall class was ≤ 40 mm rainfall one. The high erosive rainfall events were mainly occurred in January to June. 2) Runoff and sediment yield under crop rotation were significant higher than those under abandoned land in most rainfall classes, while only significant higher than those under intercropping treatment in >20-40 mm rainfall class. Runoffs and sediment yields were all significantly related to rainfall amount and rainfall duration for all treatments, and maximum rainfall intensity in 30 min was significantly related to the runoff and sediment yield under crop rotation treatment. 3) Runoffs and sediment yields under crop rotation were 1.6, 2.3 and 2.9, 7.6 times of those under the intercropping treatment and abandoned land. Runoffs were in the order of crop rotation>intercropping> abandoned land among all the months of having erosive rainfall events. Sediment yields under the crop rotation and intercropping treatments mainly happened in March, May and July. For crop rotation and intercropping treatments, sediment yields varied with changing of rainfall characteristics for individual rainfall events, and most of them were contributed by several erosive rainfall events that mainly happened in January to June.[Conclusions] Overall, crop rotation pattern had the largest runoff and sediment yield compared with the other two treatments among the whole year. Both cropping pattern and rainfall distribution had significant effects on runoff and sediment yield, especially under rotation cropping pattern. Sediment yield of crop rotation pattern was mainly contributed by several high erosive rainfalls during January to June. Therefore, considering the agricultural management and ecological benefit, the intercropping pattern should be selected in sloping land in lateritic red soil region.
李桂芳, 王坚桦, 谢福倩, 梁志鑫, 邱凡. 降雨与作物种植方式对赤红壤坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2022, 20(1): 65-73.
LI Guifang, WANG Jianhua, XIE Fuqian, LIANG Zhixin, QIU Fan. Effects of rainfall and cropping patterns on the soil erosion characteristics of lateritic red soil slope. SSWC, 2022, 20(1): 65-73.
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2022, Vol. 20 
