Review of 60 years combating desertification in China and prospects on it
BAO Yanfeng, YANG Liu, LONG Chao, KONG Zhe, PENG Peng, XIAO Jun, JIANG Lina, LU Qi
1. Institute of Desertification Study, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China;
2. Asia-pacific Network for Sustainable Forest Management and Rehabilitation, State Forestry Administration, 100021, Beijing, China
Abstract：[Background] Desertification is one of the major threats to people around the world. It also affects the security of ecosystem and the sustainable development of economic society. China is one of the victim countries suffering from various types of desertification. Therefore, China has started combating desertification earlier and a number of successful achievements have been earned. These successful policies and examples of combating desertification may be applied by the similar countries and regions or translated into combating desertification models.[Methods] We reviewed and analyzed the works of combating desertification from past 60 years in China and cleared the development process of combating desertification in China.[Results] 1) The serious researches on desert science and practices of combating desert was initiated while the People's Republic of China was built. The period of 1949-middle of 1970s was beginning stage, desertification in China worsened due to massive cultivated crops though some combating works of investigation and monitoring were done. The years of 1978-1993 were preliminary development stage with the initiation of "Three North Shelterbelt" and establishment of several basic laws. Since 1994 until now, the desertification combating was in stable developing stage with joining in international conventions and built-up of national regulations. 2) First we have been conducting the fundamental researches on desert science such as desert ecology, wind-sand geomorphology, wind-sand physics, understanding basic situations of deserts in China, and building desert classification system, etc. Then we constructed institutional organizations such as field monitoring stations and key laboratories. Moreover, we built varied models and technical systems of combating desertification such as Hotan desertification control model in extreme arid areas, the Kubuqi desert ecological wealth creation model to get people out of poverty via the development of sand industry, rapid breeding technique system for sand-fixing plants, remote sensing monitoring technology for desert and desertified land, etc. 3) We earned experiences from 60 years desertification combating to share with international community, i.e., desertification prevention and controls should be directed by government and according to laws, and served for diplomatic cooperation with the countries, and promoted by international cooperation. 4) China's desertification combating has been developed so well that profoundly affects international rules, and currently leads the global desertification prevention and control in the world.[Conclusions] China's experiences on combating desertification are conducive to other desertification regions all around the world. We in this global village may win in this desertification combat by relying on more appropriate laws, allowing government to direct it, being based on scientific knowledge, using successful Chinese models, building advanced evaluation system, and enhancing international cooperation.
包岩峰1, 杨柳1, 龙超2, 孔哲2, 彭鹏2, 肖军2, 姜丽娜1, 卢琦1. 中国防沙治沙60年回顾与展望[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2018, 16(2): 144-150.
BAO Yanfeng, YANG Liu, LONG Chao, KONG Zhe, PENG Peng, XIAO Jun, JIANG Lina, LU Qi. Review of 60 years combating desertification in China and prospects on it. SSWC, 2018, 16(2): 144-150.
王涛.中国沙漠与沙漠化[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2003:15. WANG Tao. Deserts and aeolian desertification in China[M]. Shijiazhuang:Hebei Science & Technology Press, 2003:15.
[2]
国家林业局. 第五次全国荒漠化和沙监测公报[EB/OL]. (2015-12-00)[2017-06-01]. http://www.forestry.gov.cn/main/69/content-831684.html. State Forestry Administration of the People's Republic of China. The fifth China National Desertification and Sand Inventory Monitoring.[EB/OL].(2015-12-00)[2017-06-01]. http://www.forestry.gov.cn/main/69/content-831684.html.
[3]
慈龙骏.中国的荒漠化及其防治[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005:35. CI Longjun. Desertification and its control in China[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press, 2005:35.
[4]
林业部西北、华北、东北防护林建设局.中国三北防护林体系建设总体规划方案[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社,1993:30. The Northwest-north-northeast Shelterbelts Construction Bureau of the Ministry of Forestry. The Three-north Shelterbelt Forest System construction overall-planning scheme[M]. Yinchuan:Ningxia People's Publishing House,1993:30.
[5]
祁有祥,赵廷宁. 我国防沙治沙综述[J].北京林业大学学报(社会科学版),2006,5(增刊):51. QI Youxiang, ZHAO Tingning. Overview of combating desertification in China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (Social Sciences), 2006,5(Sp):51.
[6]
王涛,赵哈林.中国沙漠科学的五十年[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(2):145. WANG Tao, ZHAO Halin.Fifty-year history of China desert science[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2005, 25(2):145.
[7]
董治宝.中国风沙物理研究50年(I)[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(3):293. DONG Zhibao. Research achievement in aeolian physics in China for the last five decades (I)[J]. Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(3):293.
[8]
师玉环.浅谈沙生植物的生态适应性[J].生物学通报, 2010, 45(7):14. SHI Yuhuan. A brief discussion on the ecological suitability in Psammophyte[J]. Bulletin of Biology, 2010, 45(7):14.
[9]
肖洪浪.乌鲁木齐河终端湖区荒漠化过程中土壤植被系统的演替[J].地理科学,1990,10(4):379. XIAO Honglang. The succession of soils and vegetation in desertification in the Terminal Lake area of the Urumqi River[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica,1990,10(4):379.
[10]
夏训诚,胡文康.塔克拉玛干沙漠资源与环境[J].中国科学(B辑),1993,23(8):889. XIA Xuncheng, HU Wenkang. Desert resources and environment in Taklimakan Desert[J]. Science in China (Series B),1993,23(8):889.
[11]
杜虎林,高前兆,李福兴,等.河西地区内陆河流域地表水资源及其动态趋势分析[J].资源科学,1996,30(2):44. DU Hulin, GAO Qianzhao, LI Fuxing, et al.Trend analysis of surface water resources and dynamics in the interior drainage basins of Hexi Area[J]. Resources Science,1996,30(2):44.
[12]
朱震达,王涛.中国沙漠化研究的理论与实践[J].第四纪研究,1992(2):97. ZHU Zhenda, WANG Tao.Theory and practice on sandy desertification in China[J]. Quaternary Sciences,1992(2):97.
[13]
夏训诚,樊胜岳.中国沙漠科学研究进展[J].科学通报,2000,45(18):1908:1. XIA Xuncheng, FAN Shengyue. Research progress of China desertification science[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2000,45(18):1908:1.
[14]
周金星,韩学文,孔繁斌,等.我国荒漠化防治学科发展研究[J].世界林业研究,2003,16(2):42. ZHOU Jinxing, HAN Xuewen, KONG Fanbin, et al.A study on the development of combating desertification in China[J]. World Forestry Research,2003,16(2):42.
[15]
卢琦.中国沙情[M].北京:开明出版社,2000:45. LU Qi. Current desertification situation in China[M]. Beijing:Kaiming Press, 2000:45.
[16]
朱俊凤,朱震达,申元村,等.中国沙漠化防治[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999:25. ZHU Junfeng, ZHU Zhenda, SHEN Yuancun, et al. Desertification control in China[M]. Beijing:Chinese Forestry Publishing House,1999:25.
[17]
郭彩贇,韩致文,李爱敏,等.库不齐沙漠生态治理与开发利用的典型模式[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53(1):112. GUO Caiyun, HAN Zhiwen, LI Aimin, et al. The typical models of ecological management and development and utilization in the Hobq Desert[J]. Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science),2017,53(1):112.
[18]
杨文斌.低覆盖度治沙:原理、模式与效果[M].北京:科学出版社,2016:75. YANG Wenbin. Desertification control with low coverage vegetation[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2016:75.
[19]
胡孟春,贺昭和.西部沙漠化防治技术与模式[J].中国生态农业学报,2001,9(3):12. HU Mengchun, HE Zhaohe.Technique and model for combating desertification in West China[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2001, 9(3):12.
[20]
王涛.走向世界的中国沙漠化防治的研究与实践[J].中国沙漠,2001,21(1):1. WANG Tao. Globalization of study and practice on desertification control in China[J].Journal of Desert Research,2001,21(1):1.
[21]
卢琦,杨有林,王森,等.中国治沙启示录[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:30. LU Qi, YANG Youlin, WANG Sen, et al. China desertification control apocalypse[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2004:30.
2018, Vol. 16 
