1. College of Biology and Pharmacy, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, Hubei, China; 2. Fujian Yongtai Mintou Pumped Storage Co. Ltd, 350700, Fuzhou, China; 3. Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (China Three Gorges University), 443002, Yichang, Hubei, China; 4. College of Water Conservancy and Environment, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, Hubei, China
Abstract：[Background] Soil erosion caused by unreasonable land use in small watershed is one of the main causes of soil quality degradation. Soil particle size distribution and organic matter are two important factors affecting soil quality and soil degradation. However, there are few studies on small watersheds of the Yangtze River. The Xialao River small watershed selected in this paper is a small primary tributary at the junction of the middle and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, which is a typical small watershed in western Hubei.[Methods] Six types of land use in small watershed, namely abandoned farmland (AF), vegetable farmland (VF), shikan farmland (SF), artificial cypress plantation (AP), shikan plantation (SP) and natural plantation (NP), were taken as the research objects. Three sample plots on both sides of the river bank were randomly selected, and the 5-point sampling method was used for sampling and mixing. Fractal theory and correlation theory were used to analyze and compare the differences of soil particle size and organic matter content among different plots.[Results] The highest proportion of soil particle size was silt content (78.18%-89.03%) in different land use types. The content of organic matter in soil was positively correlated with Dv (simple fractal dimension) (P<0.001), negatively correlated with clay content (P<0.01), positively correlated with sand (P<0.01), positively correlated with D1 (information entropy dimension) (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with D2 (correlation dimension) (P<0.01). Dv was significantly positively correlated with clay, significantly negatively correlated with sand (P<0.001), and significantly positively correlated with silt (P<0.05). The volume fraction of clay particles was significantly negatively correlated with D0 (capacity dimension) and D1 (P<0.05), and was negatively correlated with D2 but not significantly indigenous. Powder particles were significantly negatively correlated with D0, D1 and D2, and sand particles were significantly positively correlated with D0, D1 and D2 (P<0.001). Clay content was significantly negatively correlated with D0 and D1 (P<0.05), silt was significantly negatively correlated with D0, D1 and D2 (P<0.01), and sand was significantly positively correlated with D0, D1 and D2 (P<0.01). The soil texture of the sample plots is silt loam. Land use types had significant effects on soil particle size distribution and organic matter.[Conclusions] Forest land showed higher organic matter content, and soil particle size PSD distribution was more uniform and less discrete. Hence, artificial afforestation and closing hillsides for afforestation are conducive to the accumulation of soil organic matter and the homogenization of soil particle size distribution, which are more suitable for the reasonable land use type of small watershed in western Hubei to improve soil quality and prevent soil degradation.
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2022, Vol. 20 
