河北坝上地区防护林土壤性质特征

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2021.05.008

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摘要为探明河北坝上不同植被类型防护林土壤性质差异及土壤性质内在联系。以河北坝上地区的5种不同类型植被为对象，探讨土壤性质的变化规律以及各土壤性质的相关关系。结果表明：研究区共有砂土、壤质砂土、砂质壤土等3种土壤质地类型，土壤中砂粒含量为（74.10±5.78）%；5种不同植被类型0~160 cm土层土壤密度差异不显著，防护林对土壤密度的改善程度不明显；各植被类型土壤性质的差异性主要存在于樟子松与草地之间，樟子松土壤有机碳质量分数、砂粒质量分数与草地相比分别显著增加49.79%、21.40%（P<0.05），其土壤颗粒的分形维数显著低于草地（P<0.05）；土壤颗粒分形维数与黏粒、粉粒质量分数呈极显著正相关（P<0.001），与砂粒呈极显著负相关（P<0.001）；黏粒质量分数与土壤密度呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。4种不同植被类型防护林中，樟子松防护林土壤稳定性更强，对土壤性质的改善效果明显。土壤分形维数可以作为判断土壤质地差异的重要指标，黏粒质量分数变化是土壤性质变化的重要原因。

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	沈晗悦
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关键词 ：防护林, 植被类型, 深层土壤, 土壤性质, 分形维数, 河北坝上

Abstract：[Background] As an important part of the Three Norths Forest Shelterbelt Program, the shelter forest in Bashang area of Hebei province is located in the transition zone from Inner Mongolia Plateau-Yanshan mountain-North China Plain, which is an important ecological barrier for Beijing and Tianjin, and plays an important role in desertification control and ecological environment restoration. In recent years, due to the degradation of Poplar Shelterbelts in different degrees, the local government began to re-select the tree species of the shelterbelt. This work is to study the differences of soil properties and the inherent relationship between soil properties of different types of shelterbelts in Bashang, Hebei.[Methods] Five plots with different vegetation types were selected, including Populus simonii, Ulmus pumila, Caragana korshinskii, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, and natural grassland. Three sampling points were set up in each plot, and soil samples of 0-160 cm were collected at 10 cm intervals. A total of 240 soil samples were obtained from 15 sampling points. The soil organic carbon was measured by the potassium dichromate outside heating method, the soil particle size distribution was measured by the laser diffraction method, and the soil bulk density was measured by ring knife method.[Results] 1) There were three types of soil texture (sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam) in the study area, and the sand content in the soil was 74.10±5.78%. 2) The soil bulk density of the 0 to 160 cm soil layers of the five different vegetation types was not significantly different, and the degree of improvement of the soil bulk density of the shelter forest was not notable. 3) The differences in the soil properties of various vegetation types mainly existed between P. sylvestris var. mongolica and natural grassland, in which the soil organic carbon content and sand content of P. sylvestris var. mongolica increased observably by 49.79% and 21.40% (P<0.05) compared with natural grassland, respectively, and the fractal dimension of soil particles was evidently lower than that of natural grassland (P<0.05). 4) the fractal dimension of soil particles was extremely significantly and positively correlated with the content of clay and silt (P<0.001), and that was opposed to the sand (P<0.001). 5) The content of clay was positively correlated with the bulk density (P<0.05).[Conclusions] Among the 4 different types of protective forests, the soil stability of P. sylvestris var. mongolica shelter forest was stronger, and the effect of improving soil properties was obvious. The fractal dimension of soil can be used as an important index to assess the difference of soil texture, and the change of clay content is an important reason for the change of soil properties.

Key words： shelterbelt vegetation types deep soil soil properties fractal dimension Hebei Bashang

收稿日期: 2020-03-25

PACS:

S151.9

基金资助:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助"京津风沙源人工林与土壤水分互馈机制"（2017ZY02）；北京林业大学大学生科研训练方法（S201810022033）

通讯作者: 信忠保(1978-),男,博士,副教授。主要研究方向:水土保持。E-mail:xinzhongbao@126.com E-mail: xinzhongbao@126.com

作者简介: 沈晗悦(1992-),女,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:水土保持。E-mail:shenhanyue16@126.com

引用本文:

沈晗悦, 王敏敏, 梁潇瑜, 信忠保, 闫腾飞. 河北坝上地区防护林土壤性质特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(5): 63-71.
SHEN Hanyue, WANG Minmin, LIANG Xiaoyu, XIN Zhongbao, YAN Tengfei. Soil properties of shelterbelts in the Bashang area of Hebei province. SSWC, 2021, 19(5): 63-71.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2021.05.008 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2021/V19/I5/63

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