Comparison of stability of typical artificial water conservation forest in eastern Qinghai
WANG Zuoxiao1, JIA Hongwen2, MA Xinyao3, LI Yuanhang1, LIN Sha1, ZHANG Jing1, HE Kangning1
1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation, Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 2. Qinghai Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute, 810000, Xining, China; 3. Northeast Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Electric Power Engineering Consulting Group, 130021, Changchun, China
Abstract：[Background] The eastern Qinghai Province is located in the transition zone between the Loess Plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and due to its unique geographical location and natural environmental conditions, the regional forest ecosystem is sensitive and fragile, and once damaged, it is extremely difficult to recover. Meanwhile, Qinghai province is the plateau water tower of China. It is very important whether the forest in the region can play its water conservation function stably for a long time. Study the stability of artificial water conservation forest and clarify the main factors limiting can provide scientific basis for the regulation and function improvement of the forest structure.[Methods] From May to September 2019, the experiment was carried out in the Tagou watershed of Datong county, Qinghai province. Six typical artificial water conservation forest of Picea crassifolia, Populus cathayana, Betula platyphylla, P. cathayana& B. platyphylla, P. crassifolia & B. platyphylla, P. crassifolia & P. cathayana, were selected as research objects. Stand density, soil moisture and other indicators were measured. The stability evaluation index system was constructed from four aspects:forest structure stability, biological stability, resistance stability and functional stability, and the combined weights of each index were calculated by combining the analytic hierarchy method and fuzzy matter element method, and the comprehensive evaluation method was used for analysis and evaluation.[Results] 1) The annual net growth of mixed forests was greater than that of pure forests, and the annual net growth of coniferous pure forests was significantly greater than that of broadleaf pure forests (P<0.05). 2) The natural regeneration of the mixed forest of P. crassifolia & B. platyphylla, was significantly higher than that of other stand types, and there was no natural regeneration of the P. cathayana pure forest. 3) The soil moisture of P. cathayana was significantly lower than that of other forest (P<0.05), the soil nutrient content of mixed forest was higher than that of pure forest, the maximum soil nutrient of P. crassifolia & B. platyphylla was 37.77 g/kg. 4) The overall stability of the mixed forest was greater than that of the pure forest. The best stability forests were P. crassifolia & B. platyphylla, and the worst stability forest were P. cathayana. 5) The combined weighting results showed that the weight values of stand density, soil moisture and biodiversity were relatively large.[Conclusions] The most stable stand type in the region is P. crassifolia& B. platyphylla. Stand density, soil moisture and biodiversity were the main limiting factors for stand stability. In the process of vegetation reconstruction, it is necessary to adjust the stand structure and density, increase the biodiversity of shrub and herbaceous layer, and create conifer and broadleaf mixed forest with different age.
王作枭, 贾洪文, 麻鑫垚, 李远航, 林莎, 张静, 贺康宁. 青海东部典型人工水源涵养林稳定性比较[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2023, 21(2): 47-56.
WANG Zuoxiao, JIA Hongwen, MA Xinyao, LI Yuanhang, LIN Sha, ZHANG Jing, HE Kangning. Comparison of stability of typical artificial water conservation forest in eastern Qinghai. SSWC, 2023, 21(2): 47-56.
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2023, Vol. 21 
