大别山北麓林地与园地土壤侵蚀空间分异及驱动分析

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2022251

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摘要为探究大别山区北麓林地与园地土壤侵蚀空间分异性，摸清其土壤侵蚀的主要驱动因素，以商城县为研究区，采用GIS统计与分析、中国土壤流失方程等手段研究林地与园地空间分布及其土壤侵蚀特征，并运用地理探测器进行主导因子识别与多因子耦合分析。结果表明：1）研究区林地与园地占土地总面积56.06%，林地以松栎及杂木林地为主，园地主要为茶园、油茶园，主要分布于县域南部、东部及西北部0 ~ 500 m、0 ~ 15°区域；2）林地与园地水土流失面积比例33.78%，以轻度侵蚀为主，主要分布在松栎及杂木林地，中度及其以上侵蚀则集中在油茶园、茶园和板栗林地，高强度侵蚀主要发生于坡度 > 15°无水土保持措施的油茶园、茶园种植区域；3）油茶园以水土保持措施为土壤侵蚀主导因子，其余林、园地类型均以坡度为主导；坡度叠加其他影响因子对各林地与园地类型产生的交互作用最为显著。今后应重视坡度 > 15°的水土流失问题，尤其是茶园、油茶园、板栗林地等受人为活动影响大、易发生高强度水土流失的区域。本研究摸清了林地和园地的空间分布及土壤侵蚀特征，并识别了土壤侵蚀主要因素，可为大别山区今后林地与园地水土流失综合防治及水土保持措施空间布局提供科学依据。

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	黄昱楠
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	刘霞
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	陆威
	姚孝友

关键词 ：林地, 园地, 空间分布, 土壤侵蚀, 地理探测器, 驱动因素, 大别山区

Abstract：Background Since the 1980s, the northern foot of Dabie Mountain has experienced the second forestry venture and the reconstruction of low-efficiency forest, Some mixed woodland, shrub woodland and open woodland have been reclaimed as garden at different times, which has become the new source of soil erosion and affected the ecological security of the region. In order to better manage economic forest and effectively carry out the prevention and control of soil erosion, it is necessary to find out the spatial distribution characteristics and soil erosion law of woodland and garden in this area.Methods With Shangcheng county as the research area, woodland and garden as the research object. Woodland and garden types were interpreted based on high-resolution remote sensing images, topographic maps, field surveys and other data. Soil erosion was calculated using the Chinese soil loss equation, and the leading factors of soil erosion and were the interaction of factors were detected by geographic detectors. Results 1) Woodland and garden account for 56.06% of the total land area. Woodland is dominated by Pinus, Quercus and mixed woodland , and garden is mainly tea (Camellia sinensis) garden and oil camellia (Camellia oleifera) garden, which are mainly distributed in the southern, eastern and northwestern areas of 0-500 m and 0-15°. 2) The proportion of soil and water loss 8in woodland and garden was 33.78%, which was mainly slight erosion, mainly distributed in Pinus, Quercus and mixed woodland , and moderate or above erosion intensity was concentrated in oil camellia (C. oleifera) garden, tea (C. sinensis)garden and chestnut (Castanea mollissima) woodland. Oil camellia (C. oleifera) garden and tea (C. sinensis)garden above 15° and without soil and water conservation measures are the main areas where high intensity erosion of soil and water loss occurs. 3) Soil erosion in oil camellia (C. oleifera) garden was dominated by soil and water conservation measures, while slope was dominant in other woodland and garden types. The interaction between woodland and garden types is most significant with slope as the core and other influencing factors.Conclusions This study had investigated the spatial distribution and soil erosion characteristics of woodland and garden , and identified slope as the main factors of soil erosion. The results can provide scientific basis for the comprehensive control of soil and water loss and the spatial layout of soil and water conservation measures in woodland and garden in Dabie Mountain area. In the future, attention should be paid to soil and water loss above 15°, especially in tea (C. sinensis) garden, oil camellia (C. oleifera) garden and chestnut (C. mollissima) woodland which are highly affected by human activities and prone to high intensity soil and water loss.

Key words： woodland garden spatial distribution soil erosion geographic detectors drivers Dabie Mountainous Area

收稿日期: 2022-06-14

PACS:

S157.1

基金资助:国家自然科学基金“坡式经济林地土壤水分运移动态及内在机理”(32071840);水利部重点项目“基于遥感和 CSLE 模型的淮河流域重点区域水土流失监测与评价”(SBJ2018010)

通讯作者: 刘霞（1971—），女，博士，教授，博士生导师。主要研究方向：水土保持监测与评价。E-mail：liuxia@njfu.edu.cn E-mail: liuxia@njfu.edu.cn

作者简介: 黄昱楠（1996—），女，硕士研究生。主要研究方向：水土保持监测与评价。E-mail：hyn960601@163.com

引用本文:

黄昱楠, 齐斐, 袁利, 刘霞, 谭林, 陆威, 姚孝友. 大别山北麓林地与园地土壤侵蚀空间分异及驱动分析[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2025, 23(1): 51-61.
HUANG Yunan, QI Fei, YUAN Li, LIU Xia, TAN Lin, LU Wei, YAO Xiaoyou. Spatial differentiation and driving factors of soil erosion in woodland and garden in the northern Dabie Mountain. SSWC, 2025, 23(1): 51-61.

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