Evaluation of litter and soil water-holding capacity of typical stand in Datong, Qinghai
ZHANG Jing1, JIA Hongwen2, LI Yuanhang1, ZUO Yafan1, LIN Sha1, WANG Shuaijun3, WANG Zuoxiao1, HE Kangning1
1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation, Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 2. Qinghai Province Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute, 810100, Xining, China; 3. Power China Huadong Engineering Corp., 310000, Hangzhou, China
Abstract：[Background] Since the implementation of the Grain for Green Program in Datong county of Qinghai province, the existing forest area has been growing steadily, but due to the single forest structure, poor stability and lack of tending and management, the ecological service functions such as water conservation and soil and water conservation in this region are weak. It is of great significance for rational management of plantation and improvement of water conservation function of forest ecosystem to understand and evaluate the water-holding capacity of each forest stand. [Methods] Six typical forest stand types of Populus cathayana, Betula platyphylla, Picea crassifolia, Larix principis-rupprechtii, Picea crassifolia & Betula platyphylla, Picea crassifolia & Larix principis-rupprechtii in Ta'ergou watershed of Datong county,Qinghai province were taken as the research objects. PCA (principal component analysis) was used to select the main influencing factors and construct the evaluation index system, and then fuzzy matter element method was applied to give objective weight. Finally, the water-holding capacity of 6 typical forest stand types in Ta'ergou watershed of Datong county was evaluated by comprehensive scoring method. [Results] 1) The thickness and volume of litters in coniferous forests were the largest. The maximum water-holding capacity of litter ranged from 58.91-107.84 t/hm2, and that of the P. crassifolia & L. principis-rupprechtii was the largest. The effective water-holding capacity of litter ranged from 31.74-60.14 t/hm2. The P. crassifolia & B. platyphylla was the largest, and the maximum value was 1.89 times as much as the minimum value. 2) Soil physical properties were generally mixed conifer-broadleaf forest > broad-leaved forest > coniferous forest. The variation range of field water-holding capacity in 0-20 cm soil layer was 40.58-63.15 t/hm2, and the P. crassifolia & B. platyphylla was the largest, which had significant difference with other stands (P<0.05). 3) The weight value of soil layer accounted for 66%, which was higher than that of litter layer (34%). Soil layer was the main influence layer on water-holding capacity of forest land. 4) The water-holding capacity of each forest type was as follows: P. crassifolia & B. platyphylla > B. platyphylla > P. crassifolia > P. crassifolia & L. principis-rupprechtii > L. principis-rupprechtii > P. cathayana. [Conclusions] The P. crassifolia & B. platyphylla was the best stand of water conservation capacity in Datong county, Qinghai province. This study screened out the best stand type and obtained the mechanism of the difference of stand water holding function, which provided a theoretical basis for the near-natural management of plantations in the eastern part of Qilian Mountains.
张静, 贾洪文, 李远航, 左亚凡, 林莎, 王帅军, 王作枭, 贺康宁. 青海大通县典型林分的枯落物和土壤蓄水能力评价[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2022, 20(2): 106-114.
ZHANG Jing, JIA Hongwen, LI Yuanhang, ZUO Yafan, LIN Sha, WANG Shuaijun, WANG Zuoxiao, HE Kangning. Evaluation of litter and soil water-holding capacity of typical stand in Datong, Qinghai. SSWC, 2022, 20(2): 106-114.
丁聪,王冬梅,贺康宁,等.黄土高寒区坡面土壤水分的时间稳定性[J].生态学报,2020,40(1):151. DING Cong, WANG Dongmei, HE Kangning, et al. Study of temporal stability of soil moisture on hillslope in loess regions of China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(1):151.
[2]
王玉纯,赵军,付杰文,等.石羊河流域水源涵养功能定量评估及空间差异[J].生态学报,2018,38(13):4637. WANG Yuchun, ZHAO Jun, FU Jiewen, et al. Quantitative assessment of water conservation function and spatial pattern in Shiyang River basin[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(13):4637.
[3]
刘宥延,刘兴元,张博,等.基于InVEST模型的黄土高原丘陵区水源涵养功能空间特征分析[J].生态学报,2020,40(17):6161. LIU Youyan, LIU Xingyuan, ZHANG Bo, et al. Spatial features analysis of water conservation function in the hilly areas of the Loess Plateau based on InVEST model[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(17):6161.
[4]
杨良辰,张春茹.沿坝地区3种典型林分类型枯落物层与土壤层水源涵养能力综合评价[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(6):177. YANG Liangchen, ZHANG Chunru. Comprehensive evaluation of water conservation capacity in litter and soil layer of three typical forest types along the highland area[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 25(6):177.
[5]
ZHANG Biao, LI Wenhua, XIE Gaodi, et al. Water conservation of forest ecosystem in Beijing and its value[J]. Ecological Economics, 2008, 69(7).
[6]
王晓学,沈会涛,李叙勇,等.森林水源涵养功能的多尺度内涵、过程及计量方法[J].生态学报,2013,33(4):1019. WANG Xiaoxue, SHEN Huitao, LI Xuyong, et al. Concepts, processes and quantification methods of the forest water conservation at the multiple scales[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(4):1019.
[7]
王利,于立忠,张金鑫,等.浑河上游水源地不同林型水源涵养功能分析[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(3):249. WANG Li, YU Lizhong, ZHANG Jinxin, et al. Analysis of water conservation functions of different forest types in the Upper Reaches of Hunhe River[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2015, 29(3):249.
[8]
刘凯,贺康宁,田赟,等.青海高寒山区5种林分的土壤特性及其水源涵养功能[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(3):141. LIU Kai, HE Kangning, TIAN Yun, et al. Soil characteristics and water conservation function of five forest types in Qinghai Alpine Region[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 31(3):141.
[9]
宁亚洲,张福平,冯起,等.基于SEBAL模型的疏勒河流域蒸散发估算与灌溉效率评价[J].干旱区地理,2020,43(4):928. NING Yazhou, ZHANG Fuping, FENG Qi, et al. Estimation of evapotranspiration in Shule River Basin based on SEBAL model and evaluation on irrigation efficiency[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(4):928.
[10]
刘凯,贺康宁,王先棒.青海高寒区不同密度白桦林枯落物水文效应[J].北京林业大学学报,2018,40(1):89. LIU Kai, HE Kangning, WANG Xianbang. Hydrological effects of litter of Betula platyphylla forest with different densities in alpine region, Qinghai of northwestern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(1):89.
[11]
黄乾,杨海龙,朱柱,等.青海云杉造林密度与水源涵养功能的响应关系[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(4):279. HUANG Qian, YANG Hailong, ZHU Zhu, et al. Response relationships between afforestation densities and water conservation functions of Picea crassifolia[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 33(4):279.
[12]
王先棒,贺康宁,董喆,等.北川河流域典型林型水源涵养能力评价[J].中国水土保持科学,2017,15(5):94. WANG Xianbang, HE Kangning, DONG Zhe, et al. Evaluation on water conservation capacity of typical forest types in Beichuan River basin[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 15(5):94.
[13]
张丽娜,许丽,秦儒,等.基于模糊物元模型的3种灌木林水源涵养能力评价——以内蒙古黑岱沟露天煤矿排土场为例[J].中国水土保持科学,2019,17(1):31. ZHANG Lina, XU Li, QIN Ru, et al. Evaluation of water conservation capacity of three shrub forests based on fuzzy matter element model:A case study of Heidaigou open pit mine dump in Inner Mongolia[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 17(1):31.
[14]
曾建军,史正涛,张华伟,等.滇中城市水源地不同林型水源涵养功能评价[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(6):84. ZENG Jianjun, SHI Zhengtao, ZHANG Huawei, et al. Evaluation on water conservation function of different forest types in urban water sources of the central Yunnan[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 20(6):84.
[15]
刘若莎,王冬梅,李平,等.青海高寒区典型人工林植物多样性、地上生物量特征及其相关性[J].生态学报,2020,40(2):692. LIU Ruosha, WANG Dongmei, LI Ping, et al. Plant diversity, ground biomass characteristics and their relationships of typical plantations in the alpine region of Qinghai[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(2):692.
[16]
芦新建.大通县水源涵养林类型及其功能评价研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2015:45. LU Xinjian. Study on the water conservation forest and its function assessment in Datong county[D]. Beijing:Beijing Forestry University, 2015:45.
[17]
张晓霞,杨宗儒,查同刚,等.晋西黄土区退耕还林22年后林地土壤物理性质的变化[J].生态学报,2017,37(2):416. ZHANG Xiaoxia, YANG Zongru, ZHA Tonggang, et al. Changes in the physical properties of soil in forestlands after 22 years under the influence of the Conversion of Cropland into Farmland Project in loess region, western Shanxi province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(2):416.
[18]
李杰,高祥,徐光,等.森林健康评价指标体系的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(8):79. LI Jie, GAO Xiang, XU Guang, et al. Study on evaluation index system of forest health[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology, 2013, 33(8):79.
[19]
孟楚,王琦,郑小贤.北京八达岭林场水源涵养林结构与功能耦合机理研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(3):69. MENG Chu, WANG Qi, ZHENG Xiaoxian. Coupling mechanism between stand structure and function of water conservation forest in Badaling forest farm, Beijing[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology, 2017, 37(3):69.
[20]
陈严武,史正涛,曾建军,等.水源地不同林分水源涵养功能评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(2):67. CHEN Yanwu, SHI Zhengtao, ZENG Jianjun, et al. The evaluation on the soil water conservation function of five types forests in urban water source region[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2015, 29(2):67.
[21]
徐娟,余新晓,席彩云.北京十三陵不同林分枯落物层和土壤层水文效应研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(3):189. XU Juan, YU Xinxiao, XI Caiyun. Hydrological effects of forest litters and soil in Ming Tombs Forest Farm[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2009, 23(3):189.
[22]
李阳,万福绪.黄浦江中游5种典型林分枯落物和土壤水源涵养能力研究[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(2):264. LI Yang, WAN Fuxu. Water conservation capacities of litters and soils in five typical stands in the Middle Reaches of Huangpu River[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 33(2):264.
[23]
孟好军,刘贤德,张宏斌,等.祁连山人工林凋落物和土壤水分特性的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(2):11. MENG Haojun, LIU Xiande, ZHANG Hongbin, et al. Study on litters and soil moisture characteristics of different plantations in Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology, 2013, 33(2):11.
[24]
周巧稚,毕华兴,孔凌霄,等.晋西黄土区不同密度刺槐林枯落物层水文生态功能研究[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(4):115. ZHOU Qiaozhi, BI Huaxing, KONG Lingxiao, et al. Hydrological and ecological functions of litter layer under Robinia pseucdoacacia plantation with different densities in loess region of western Shanxi povince[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 32(4):115.
[25]
王玮璐,贺康宁,张潭,等.青海高寒区水源涵养林土壤机械组成和理化性质对其饱和导水率和持水能力的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2020,29(2):69. WANG Weilu, HE Kangning, ZHANG Tan, et al. Effects of mechanical components and physical and chemical properties of soil in water conservation forests in cold highland area of Qinghai on its saturated hydraulic conductivity and water holding capacity[J]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2020, 29(2):69.
[26]
孟凡旭,王树森,秦富仓,等.残塬沟壑区不同果农复合模式对土壤理化性质及水源涵养功能的影响[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(5):192. MENG Fanxu, WANG Shusen, QIN Fucang, et al. Effect of different fruit-crop compounds on soil physiochemical properties and soil-water conservation in gully region of plateau[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020, 34(5):192.
[27]
王利,于立忠,张金鑫,等.浑河上游水源地不同林型水源涵养功能分析[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(3):249. WANG Li, YU Lizhong, ZHANG Jinxin, et al. Analysis of water conservation functions of different forest types in the Upper Reaches of Hunhe River[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2015, 29(3):249.
[28]
林立文,邓羽松,李佩琦,等.桂北地区不同密度杉木林枯落物与土壤水文效应[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(5):200. LIN Liwen, DENG Yusong, LI Peiqi, et al. Study on the effects of litter and soil hydrology of different density Cunninghamia lanceolata forests in northern Guangxi[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020, 34(5):200.
2022, Vol. 20 
