As a philosopher, Foucault's unique research style is characterized by his extraordinary fascination with archival historical materials and extensive quotations from them. In order to avoid his archival research falling into the cycle of hermeneutics and anthropology and becoming a restatement of rational history based on forgetfulness and silence, Foucault got rid of the literature view of classical history and introduced archives into the context of archaeology as an non-intentional ''monument'' in order to achieve the effect of ''letting the archives speak for themselves''. Letting the archives speak for themselves is the core principle of Foucault's archival research. Its goal is to objectively show the history of humble individuals such as abnormal and infamous men in a silent state. In order to explore the back of history, Foucault successively adopted two methods: archival discourse analysis and archival compilation. In Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason, Foucault suspended the interpretation of scientific discourse. Through the archaeology of the discourse history of madness in the archives, Foucault exposed the arbitrary structure formed by the western rational civilization. However, in I, Pierre Riviere, Having Slaughtered My Mother, My Sister, and My Brother: A Case of Parricide in the 19th Century，Lives of Infamous Men，Herculine Barbin and Disorderly Familles: Infamous Letters from the Bastille Archives, in order not to destroy the aesthetic penetration of the archives, but also deeply aware of the paucity of rational order and out of reverence for the tragic fate of the deceased, foucault gave up any theoretical interpretation and completely made the archives public in the simple form of compilation, so that readers can experience the fragmented experience of historical anonymity.