Archives are the original records formed by people in social activities, and are resources and important carriers for the social memory construction. Targeted poverty alleviation is a poverty reduction action with Chinese characteristics, led by the government, and integrated with resources from all sides to achieve multiple goals, including anti-poverty, economic development, supporting agriculture, rural social construction and rural social security. A large number of original records and memory materials have been retained in its practical activities. In the archives management of targeted poverty alleviation, we should not only protect the record materials formed by government departments, but also highlight the social value of archives, establish special archival resource databases, and select typical representative areas for real scene protection to preserve social memory.