Archival governance is a process of cooperation and interaction under the certain institutional arrangements to promote the the development of archival cause and enhance the ability of archival work to serve the social development, which is supported by the party and government and led by the archival administrative organs and participated by all kinds of archival organizations, social organizations or individuals. Archival governance plays a positive role in promoting the management of archival cause to adapt to the trend of modernization of state governance. This paper analyzes the connotation of archival governance from three aspects of the concept, the characteristics and the value goal, constructs the theoretical framework of archival governance from five aspects of the logical start, the main orientation, the research perspective, the system support and the capacity building, makes a theoretical explanation of “accelerating the improvement of archival governance system and enhancement of archival governance capacity ”mentioned in the national archives development plan for 13^th Five-Year.