Administrative litigation has increasingly become the main way to resolve disputes between citizens or legal persons and archives competent departments, which is a key institutional guarantee for the parties' rights and interests. Based on 342 adjudication documents of archival administrative litigation since 2000, this paper discusses the development trend and main characteristics of archival administrative litigation in China, and further analyzes the factors that affect adjudication results of archival administrative litigation. The research shows that the judgment result is significantly correlated with the court level, the defendant level, whether the plaintiff has hired a lawyer, whether the plaintiff has provided evidence and whether the defendant contains archives or not. Based on the above research results, a series of countermeasures are put forward to improve the archives administrative litigation system and the archives management system: the protection of the plaintiff should be strengthened, the system of archival administrative reconsideration and the system of archival administrative litigation evidence should be improved, the scope of accepting cases of archival administrative litigation and the responsibilities of archives competent department should be clarified, and the service functions of archives competent department should be deepened.