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| Effect of long-term different tillage and fertilization measures on aggregates composition and organic carbon in yellow soil slope cultivated land |
| BAI Yijing1,2, LIU Yanling1,2, LI Yu1,2, HUANG Xingcheng1,2, ZHANG Yarong1,2, JIANG Taiming2,3, QIN Song1 |
1. Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agriculture Science, 550006, Guiyang, China;
2. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agricultural Environment(Guizhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 550006, Guiyang, China;
3. Institute of Tea, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, 550006, Guiyang, China |
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Abstract [Background] The findings demonstrated the suitable tillage measures and rational application of fertilizer could effectively prevent and control regional soil erosion. Soil properties that affect soil erosion are mainly anti-erodibility and impact resistance, and soil aggregates are their characteristic form. Stabilization of soil aggregation is considered to be the most important mechanism for soil carbon sequestration. The effects of conservation tillage and optimized fertilization on the soil aggregates composition and soil organic carbon were compared in this paper, and it can be used as a better combination of farm and fertilization for slope land in karst area. [Methods] The long-term positioning monitoring of agricultural non-point source pollution in Guizhou province was taken as the experimental platform. The dry sieve method (mechanically stable aggregates) and the wet sieve method (water stable aggregate) were used to compare and study the effects of 6 treatments on the aggregate composition and organic carbon content of yellow soil,6 treatments referred to no fertilization + downslope conventional tillage (T1), conventional fertilization + downslope conventional tillage (T2) as the control, optimized fertilization + downslope conventional tillage (T3), optimized fertilization +cross ridge tillage (T4), optimized fertilization +cross ridge tillage + straw mulching (T5), and optimized fertilization + cross ridge tillage + straw mulching + contour hedgerow (T6). [Results] 1) The compositions of mechanically stable and water stable aggregates by each treatment were mainly composed of large aggregates of ＞0.25 mm. Under the same tillage conditions, the mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD) and aggregates size of ＞0.25 mm(R0.25) of T3 increased by 14.22%,25.74% and 5.24% compared to T2, respectively. 2) Compared with other treatments, the soil of percentage of aggregate destruction (PAD), unstable aggregate index (ELT) and fractal dimension (D) of T6 were the lowest,the organic carbon content of T1 was the lowest in water stable aggregates of different particle sizes. The organic carbon content of T3 increased by 1.88%-26.32% compared to T2 in the aggregate sizes of >5.00, 5.00-2.00, 0.50-0.25, and <0.25 mm under the same tillage conditions. The organic carbon content of T5 and T6 increased by 3.21%-17.20% and 0.26%-10.19% compared to T4 in the aggregate sizes of >5.0, 5.0-2.0, 2.0-1.0, and 1.0-0.5 mm, respectively under the same fertilization conditions. The contents of soil aggregate organic carbon was mainly in the size of ＞0.25 mm, and the >5.00 mm aggregates were the highest contribution rate of organic carbon in T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6,which were 27.04%,31.51%,30.89%, 33.61% and 31.63%, respectively. Furthermore, soil aggregate organic carbon showed a positive correlation with soil total organic carbon.[Conclusions] Long-term optimized fertilization and conservation tillage may effectively improve the aggregates and its stability and soil organic carbon content, and can be used as a better combination of tillage and fertilization for slope land in karst areas of China.
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Received: 07 January 2020
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