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| Spatial distribution characteristics of soil moisture on a typical slope in the feldspathic sandstone area of Inner Mongolia |
| XIN Junwei1, SHANG Zhenkun1, WANG Junpeng1, ZHU Shilei1, ZHEN Qing2,3, ZHANG Xingchang1,2,3, MA Bingzhao2,3 |
1. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China;
3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China |
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Abstract [Background] Soil moisture is an important part of hydrological cycle, and significantly influences vegetation recovery and ecological environment restoration in arid and semiarid area. Understanding the spatial distribution characteristics of soil moisture on the slope is crucial for vegetation restoration in the feldspathic sandstone area, which is widely distributed in the border of Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Inner Mongolia in the north of the Loess Plateau. [Methods] A case study was conducted to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of soil moisture, and 0-600 cm deep layer soil moisture samples were obtained by soil drill sampling. Soil samples were collected at 10 cm intervals in the surface 0-20 cm layer, and 20 cm intervals under 20 cm layer, and totally 862 samples were obtained. Classical statistics and geo-statistics were used to analyze the distribution pattern, variation characteristics and spatial structure of soil moisture on slope.[Results] 1) Soil moisture content ranged from 9.93%-13.88% in 0-200 cm, and increased with the increasing of soil depth. The soil moisture of each layer showed moderate variation, and the coefficient of variation decreased with the increasing soil depth. 2) The differences of soil moisture in different layers were affected by slope position. The soil moisture content in surface layer (0-60 cm) was higher in the middle and low slope than that in the up slope; on the contrary, it was higher in the up slope than that in the low slope in the deep soil layers (below 60 cm). 3) Geostatistical analysis indicated that Gauss model and Spherical model could well fit the spatial structure of most soil layers, and the soil moisture had strong spatial dependence except for 60-80 cm soil layers. 4) The minimum range was 15.60 m, which could provide references for the subsequent sample sites layout. [Conclusions] The results are conducive to understanding the distribution characteristics of soil moisture in the feldspathic sandstone area, which is of great significance for the estimation of soil water resources and vegetation reconstruction in the area. The thickness of soil layer and the soil moisture content are affected by slope position. Soil layer thickness in the middle and low slope is thicker than that in the up slope, and the soil moisture content of surface soil in the middle and low slope is higher than that in the up slope, and thus, the water condition in the middle and low slope is more beneficial to vegetation restoration, while the water condition in the up slope is not conducive to vegetation restoration.
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Received: 16 January 2020
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