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| Model of calculating suitable volume of rainwater tanks for real estate construction projects |
| WEN Wanxin1, WANG Dongmei1, ZHANG Linlin2, REN Yuan1 |
1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China;
2. Water-land Ecological Environment Technology Co. Ltd., 100192, Beijing, China |
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Abstract [Background] China is on the peak of urbanization. However, with increased hardened proportion and imperfect drainage measures in cities, rainstorms cannot efficiently infiltrated and ultimately resulted in the formation of waterlogging. As the best measure of reducing flood, solving water pollution and shortage, the rainwater tank has been promoted and applied widely. Though rainwater tank was widely used in estate construction projects and was advocated in a larger volume on the principle of none out drainage, few studies had been conducted on it. Otherwise, the design of rainwater tanks in our country is mainly based on the experience formula of foreign countries, or estimated by the annual rainfall. Therefore, a convenient and reliable method for calculating the volume of rainwater tank is very important to the development of the city. [Methods] We took nine construction projects in Beijing as the research site, selecting three kinds of daily rainfall (maximum, average and minimum) from the rainfall data of Beijing during 1953-2012. We assumed recycled rainwater used for both greening and road sprinkling. Applying the method of daily water balance model, we analyzed trends of rainwater tank availability and reclaimed water recharge rate. We suggested an appropriate volume of rainwater tank after taking the economy benefits. Applying the method of polynomial fitting, the model of calculating suitable volume of rainwater tanks was obtained. Lastly, we used five construction projects for verification. [Results] With the increasing of rainwater tank volume, rainwater tank availability becomes higher (0-1) and reclaimed water recharge rate becomes lower (1-0). When rainwater tank volume reaches to a certain level, the tendency of rainwater tank availability and reclaimed water recharge rate become gentle. The rainwater tank availability relationship of three years is maximum year > mean year > minimum year. The reclaimed water recharge rate relationship of three years is maximum year < mean year < minimum year. The trend of rainwater tank availability and reclaimed water recharge rate is complementary. The benefit-cost ratio becomes lower as rainwater tank volume increase. [Conclusions] In this study, we set up a simple and convenient calculation model of volume of the rainwater tank. It can enhance accuracy in practical application by comparing the results of model calculation and the minimum construction standards. We need to strengthen the maintenance and management of the rainwater tanks after completion for increasing revenue by extending service life. The future study of rainwater tanks should be focused on the more abundant data samples, additional safety volume of it, and negative impact of sediment accumulation.
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Received: 20 January 2017
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