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| Effect of N and K fertilizer application methods on quality and economic benefits of Nicotiana tabacum L. |
| Xing Yunxia1,2, Wang Meng1, Liu Shiliang1, Hua Dangling1, Zhao Dan1, Liu Fang1, Zhu Jinfeng3, Wang Guofeng4 |
1. College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China;
2. Sanmenxia County Tobacco Corporation of Henan Province, 472000, Sanmenxia, Henan, China;
3. Luohe County Tobacco Corporation of Henan Province, 462000, Luohe, Henan, China;
4. Wuyang County Tobacco Branch of Luohe Tobacco Company,462400, Wuyang, Henan, China |
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Abstract Given the fact that contents of nitrogen and potassium in the fertilizers during Nicotiana tabacum L. production do not match with N and K requirements in Nicotiana tabacum L. growth process, this study designed five treatments in order to explore the effects of fertilizer application methods on the contents of chemical components and aromatic components as well as the economic benefits of Nicotiana tabacum L. . The treatments are as follows. T1 (CK): Nicotiana tabacum L. specialty fertilizer and all the KNO3 were applied as base fertilizer when transplanted; T2: 50% Nicotiana tabacum L. specialty fertilizer and 50% KNO3 were applied as base fertilizer when transplanted and the other fertilizers were applied for dressing in large ridging; T3: 100% Nicotiana tabacum L. specialty fertilizer was applied as base fertilizer at the time of transplanting, and 100% KNO3 was diluted separately for three times at the vigorous growth stage; T4: The ratio of Nicotiana tabacum L. specialty base fertilizer to topdressing was7:3, and all the KNO3 was diluted separately for three times at the vigorous growth stage; T5: The ratio of Nicotiana tabacum L. specialty base fertilizer to topdressing was 3 :7, and all the KNO3 diluted separately for three times during the vigorous growth stage. Results showed that: 1) Adequate base fertilizer applied at early growing stage (70% Nicotiana tabacum L. specialty fertilizer), appropriate topdressing amount (30% Nicotiana tabacum L. specialty fertilizer) and all KNO3 diluted separately for three times during the vigorous growth stage could significantly increase the K content in the leaves of middle and upper parts, and make Nicotiana tabacum L. sugar/ nicotine ratio and potassium/ chlorine ratio balanced, and therefore could improve the usability upper part leaves. Compared with control, K content in middle and upper part leaves in this treatment was increased by 49.70% and 95.2%, respectively. 2) From the aroma point of view, browning reactions, carotenoids, neoplytadiene of aroma components and the total aroma of the middle part leaves, compared to the control, were increased by 6.59 μg/ g (36.96%), 45.45 μg/ g ( 36.29%), 249.13 μg/ g ( 51.70%) and 326.89 μg/ g (49.52%), respectively. 3) In respect of economic benefits, the yield of treated Nicotiana tabacum L. leaf had an increase of 125.05 kg/ hm2, output value increased by 3 737.81 yuan/ hm2. In general, the treatment in which base fertilizer to topdressing ratio was 7:3 and all KNO3 was diluted separately for three times in the vigorous growth stage is not only in favor of balancing chemical compositions and increasing aroma amount of Nicotiana tabacum L. leaves, but can also significantly increase output value of Nicotiana tabacum L. .
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Received: 11 March 2014
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