1988—2013年陕北风沙区秃尾河流域土壤侵蚀时空变化特征

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2018.04.008

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (0)
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (2348 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract [Background] Tuwei river watershed is one of the most serious soil loss and fragile district of ecology in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, which is located in the windy desert region of the north Shaanxi province. The harsh natural environment has greatly done threat to the sustainable development. In order to improve the ecological environment, Chinese government has implemented the Grain for Green policy since 1999.[Methods] In order to explore the spatiotemporal evolution of soil erosion before and after Grain for Green Project in this area, USLE model, Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were accepted to analyze soil loss. Three remote sensing images of 1988, 200 and 2013 was interpreted in ENVI 5.2, and rainfall, topography, land use type and vegetation cover data were analyzed in ArcGIS 9.3. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was used to estimate a series of soil erosion modulus from 1988 to 2013.[Results] 1)The rainfall erosivity increased significantly from 2001 to 2013 and from 1988 to 2000,and the vegetation cover of C factor decreased by about 0.29 in past 26 years. The soil erosion intensity in the watershed showed a gradual increase from upstream to downstream.2)The soil erosion has an obviously decreased tendency, whatever in the area or the intensity. The R factor was approximately equivalence in 1988 and 2013, however, corresponding soil erosion modulus respectively were 12 434.47 t/(km²·a) in 1988 and 3 721.08 t/(km²·a) in 2013, respectively. The total soil loss in 1988 was 43.76×10⁶ t, while it sharply decreased by 68.33% in 2013(13.1×10⁶ t). Compared the soil loss in 1988, 2000 and 2013, it was a reducing trend with the increasing of elevation, but incremental tendency with slope. Compared with 1988, the average soil erosion modulus in 2013 in different slope rapidly decreased. It reduced 6 712.31 t/(km²·a), 7 668.51 t/(km²·a), 6 712.31 t/(km²·a), 8 885.27 t/(km²·a), 5 375.43 t/(km²·a), and 23 357.46 t/(km²·a) in 0°-5°, 5°-8°, 8°-15°, 15°-25° and over 25°, respectively. The descending order of soil erosion intensity in different land use was unused land, grassland, forestland and cropland, so the benefit of soil and water conservation was the most obvious in unused land and grassland.[Conclusions] The soil erosion value estimated by USLE model combined with RS and GIS was smaller than the observed value in Tuwei river watershed. Yet despite all that, the assessment soil loss value is credible results. This method is feasible to assess soil erosion in such areas. In the recent 26 years, with the rapid recovery growth of grass and forest in the Tuwei river watershed, the soil and water conservation has achieved significant benefits. It has really reflected the temporal and spatial changes of soil erosion, which can be a reference for the local government to take measures to manage soil loss in the future.

Key words： soil erosion RUSLE ArcGIS 9.3 Tuwei river watershed

Received: 14 September 2017

PACS:

TP79

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	YANG Bo
	WANG Quanjiu
	GUO Siqi

Cite this article:

YANG Bo,WANG Quanjiu,GUO Siqi. Characteristic of temporal and spatial variation of soil erosion in Tuwei river watershed from 1988 to 2013[J]. SSWC, 2018, 16(4): 56-65.

URL:

http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/10.16843/j.sswc.2018.04.008 OR http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/Y2018/V16/I4/56

[1]	高海东,李占斌,李鹏,等. 基于土壤侵蚀控制度的黄土高原水土流失治理潜力研究[J]. 地理学报,2015,70(9):1053. GAO Haidong,LI Zhanbin,LI Peng,et al. The capacity of soil loss control in the Loess Plateau based on soil erosion control degree[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(9):1053.
[2]	宋富强,邢开雄,刘阳,等. 基于MODIS/NDVI的陕北地区植被动态监测和评价[J]. 生态学报,2011,31(2):354. SONG Fuqiang,XING Kaixiong,LIU Yang,et al. Monitoring and assessment of vegetation variation in Northern Shaanxi based on MODIS/NDVI[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31 (2):354.
[3]	孙兆峰, 王双银, 刘晶,等. 秃尾河流域径流衰减驱动力因子分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(2):310 SUN Zhaofeng, WANG Shuangyin, LIU Jing, et al. Driving force analysis of runoff attenuation in tuwei river basin[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2017, 32(2):310.
[4]	安乐平,李雷,王平平,等. 基于航空影像的秃尾河流域土壤侵蚀评价[J]. 人民黄河,2015,37(9):85. AN Leping,LI lei,WANG Pingping,et al. Assessment of soil erosion in Tuwei River watershed based on high resolution aerial images[J]. Yellow River,2015,37 (9):85.
[5]	TANG Qing,XU Yong,BENNETT Sean J,et al. Assessment of soil erosion using RUSLE and GIS:A case study of the Yangou watershed in the Loess Plateau,China[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2015,73(4):1715.
[6]	LIU Yansui,GUO Yanjun,LI Yurui. GIS-based effect assessment of soil erosion before and after gully land consolidation:A case study of Wangjiagou project region,Loess Plateau[J]. Chinese Geographical Science,2015,25(2):137.
[7]	李天宏,郑丽娜. 基RUSLE模型的延河流域2001-2010年土壤侵蚀动态变化[J]. 自然资源学报,2012,27(7):1164. LI Tianhong,ZHENG Lina. Soil erosion changes in the Yanhe Watershed from 2001 to 2010 based on RUSLE model[J]. Journal of natural resources,2012,27 (7):1164.
[8]	FU Bojie,ZHAO W W,CHEN L D,et al. Assessment of soil erosion at large watershed scale using RUSLE and GIS:A case study in the Loess Plateau of China[J]. Land Degradation and Development,2005,16(1):73.
[9]	王万忠. 黄土地区降雨特性与土壤流失关系的研究Ⅲ:关于侵蚀性降雨标准的问题[J]. 水土保持学报,1984,4(2):58. WANG Wanzhong. Study on the relations between rainfall characteristics and loss of soil in loess region[J]. Journal of soil and water conservation,1984,4(2):58.
[10]	谢云,刘宝元,章文波. 侵蚀性降雨标准研究[J]. 水土保持学报,2000,14(4):6. XIE Yun,LIU Baoyuan,ZHANG Wenbo. Study on standard of erosive rainfall[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2000,14 (4):6.
[11]	章文波,谢云,刘宝元. 利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究[J]. 地理科学,2002,22(6):705. ZHANG Wenbo,XIE Yun,LIU Baoyuan. Rainfall erosivity estimation using daily rainfall amounts[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2002,22 (6):705.
[12]	汪邦稳,杨勤科,刘志红,等. 基于DEM和GIS的修正通用土壤流失方程地形因子值的提取[J]. 中国水土保持科学,2007,5(2):18. WANG Bangwen,YANG Qinke,LIU Zhihong,et al. Extraction of RUSLE-LS factors using DEM data and GIS techniques[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,5(2):18.
[13]	WANG B,ZHENG F L,MATHIAS J M,et al. Comparison of soil erodibility factors in USLE,RUSLE2,EPIC and Dg models based on a Chinese soil erodibility database[J]. Soil and Plant Science,2013,63(1):69.
[14]	蔡崇法,丁树文,史志华,等. 应用USLE模型与地理信息系统IDRISI预测小流域土壤侵蚀量的研究[J]. 水土保持学报,2000,14(2):19. CAI Chongfa,DING Shuwen,SHI Zhihua,et al. Study of applying USLE and geographic information system IDRISI to predict soil erosion in small watershed[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,14 (2):19.
[15]	WISCHMEIER W H,SMITH D D. Predicting rainfall erosion losses:A guide to conservation planning[G]//Agriculture Handbook NO.537.Washington DC:United States Department of Agriculture,1978:10(11),28.
[16]	王爱平,刘娟,刘美利. 关于神木县退耕还林还草工程实施情况现状调查及探讨[J]. 农民致富之友,2015,10:142. WANG Aiping,LIU Juan,LIU Meili. On Shenmu county returning farmland to forest and grass project implementation present situation investigation and study[J]. Farmers Wealth Friends,2015,10:142.
[17]	中华人民共和国水利部. 土壤侵蚀分类标准:SL190. 2007[S]. 北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008:8. Ministry of Water Resources of the People Republic of China. The standard of soil erosion:SL190. 2007[S]. Beijing:China Water Power Press,2008:8.
[18]	冯淳,张云峰,焦超卫,等. 秃尾河上游流域土地荒漠化遥感动态研究[J]. 遥感信息,2016,31(1):110. FENG Chun,ZHANG Yunfeng,JIAO Chaowei,et al. Dynamic remote sensing research on land desertification in upper reaches of Tuwei River basin[J]. Remote Sensing Information,2016,31 (1):110.
[19]	焦菊英,王万忠,李靖,等. 黄土高原丘陵沟壑区淤地坝的淤地拦沙效益分析[J]. 农业工程学报,2003,19(6):302. JIAO Juying,WANG Wanzhong,LI Jing,et al. Silting land and sediment blocking benefit of check dam in hilly and gully region on the Loess Plateau[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2003,19(6):302.
[20]	魏艳红,焦菊英,张世杰. 黄土高原典型支流淤地坝拦沙对输沙量减少的贡献[J]. 中国水土保持科学,2017,15 (5):16. WEI Yanhong,JIAO Jüying,ZHANG Shijie. Contribution of sediment retention by check-dams to sediment discharge reduction of typical tributaries on the Loess Plateau[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,15 (5):16.
[21]	桑非凡,宋孝玉,王光社,等. 窟野河、秃尾河、佳芦河流域1966-2010年降水变化特征分析[J]. 水资源与水工程学报,2015,26(6):35. SANG Feifan,SONG Xiaoyü,WANG Guangshe,et al. Analysis of characteristics of precipitation variation for Kuye,Tuwei and Jialu River Basins from 1966 to 2010[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering,2015,26 (6):35.
[22]	杨波,王全九. 退耕还林后榆林市土壤侵蚀和养分流失功效研究[J]. 水土保持学报,2016,30(4):57. YANG Bo,WANG Quanjiu. Research on soil erosion and nutrient loss in Yulin city after reforestation[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,30(4):57.
[23]	邵明安,贾小旭,王云强,等. 黄土高原土壤干层研究进展与展望[J]. 地球科学进展,2016,31(1):14. SHAO Ming'an,JIA Xiaoxu,WANG Yunqiang,et al. A review of studies on dried soil layers in the Loess Plateau[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2016,31(1):14.
[24]	白桦,穆兴民,王双银. 水土保持措施对秃尾河径流的影响[J]. 水土保持研究,2010,17(1):40. BAI Hua,MU Xingmin,WANG Shuangyin. Impact of soil and water conservation on river flow of Tuwei River[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(1):40.