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| Effects of contour reverse-slope terrace on crop growth and development in red soil sloping farmland |
| WANG Shuaibing1, XIAO Wenxian2, XIA Luanjinyue1, LI Lan1, PENG Shuxian1, WANG Keqin3, YANG Shudong4 |
1. School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, 653100, Yuxi, Yunnan, China;
2. Jiangchuan District Water Conservancy Bureau of Yuxi City, 652600, Yuxi, Yunnan, China;
3. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, 650224, Kunming, China;
4. Yunnan Bingsen Environmental Engineering Co. Ltd., 653100, Yuxi, Yunnan, China |
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Abstract [Background] There is serious soil erosion, poor water and fertilizer conservation capacity and low productive force of land on red soil sloping farmland in central Yunnan. To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil erosion and the improvement of land productivity in sloping farmland in Yunnan province, the effects of contour reverse-slope terrace (CRT) on crop growth and yield in red soil sloping farmland were studied. [Methods] Taking red soil sloping farmland in central Yunnan as the research object, two standard runoff plots (The size is 20 m×5 m, the horizontal projection area is 100 m2) of field sloping farmland at the soil and water conservation monitoring station of Yizhe small watershed in Songhuaba water source area were selected, numbered CK and CRT respectively, where CK was the undisturbed sloping farmland, and CRT was the sloping farmland with two contour reverse-slope terraces. Differences in seedling emergence rates, major growth indices, yields and water use efficiency of soybean and maize seedlings in 2017 (soybean (Glycine max)) and 2018 (maize (Zea mays)) were monitored, and a range of CRT and CK at the same location were selected for comparative studies. [Results] 1) Compared with the standard runoff plots of CK, the emergence rates of soybean and maize in CRT increased at 4, 7 and 10 d, respectively 73.58% and 72.31%,37.08% and 48.50%,4.39% and 4.27%. 2) The plant height, stem diameter and leaf area index of soybean and maize in CRT were higher than those in the standard runoff plots of CK, and the difference in stem size and plant height reached significant level. 3) Compared with the standard runoff plots of CK, the yield of the soybean and maize in CRT increased by 47.55% and 59.12% respectively. 4) Compared with the standard runoff plots of CK, the water use efficiency of the soybean and maize in CRT increased by 32.65% and 43.51%. [Conclusions] CRT may increase the soil water infiltration rate of red soil slope farmland, reduce soil erosion, effectively promote crop growth and development, and significantly improve crop yield and water use efficiency. Therefore, it is urgent to promote CRT in the vast mountainous areas of central Yunnan.
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Received: 11 January 2024
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