模拟降雨条件下三峡库区紫色土坡地产流入渗特征

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2022.01.014

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Abstract [Background] Purple soil is one of the main types of sloping farmland in the Three Gorges Reservoir region and it causes a lot of soil erosion under the effect of rainfall and runoff and threatens the ecological security of the reservoir area. In order to further clarify the relationship between erosion resistance degree of purple soil and slope water balance under the influence of external factors, the characteristics of runoff and infiltration of purple soil slope in the Three Gorges Reservoir region were investigated.[Methods] Test materials from the purple soil test base of Southwest University was collected, and filled into the experimental tank. The artificial simulated rainfall experiments were carried out on the purple soil slope under different rainfall intensities (0.38, 0.75 and 1.10 mm/min) and slope gradients (5°, 10°, 15° and 20°) by simulated rainfall system, each experiment was repeated for 3 times. And double ring method was used to determine the single point stable infiltration rate on the slope surface. Initial runoff generation time, runoff intensity, runoff depth and stable infiltration rate were calculated and analysized.[Results] 1) Runoff generation time was negatively correlated with rainfall intensity and slope gradient, and the influence of rainfall intensity on runoff generation time was greater than that of slope gradient. The initial runoff generation time of each rainfall intensity was significantly different (P<0.05). While the change of initial runoff generation time with gradient was more obvious under light rainfall intensity. 2) Under 15° slope and different conditions of rainfall intensities, runoff intensity first "S" type rose with the increase of rainfall time, and reached stability at about 20 minutes. The runoff intensity ranged from 0.38 to 1.10 mm/min and was 0.32, 0.39 and 0.73 mm/min, respectively. 3) Runoff depth was positive correlated with rainfall intensity, firstly increased and then decreased in a parabolic curve relationship with the slope, and there was a critical grade between 10° and 15°. 4) The stable infiltration rate was higher as rainfall intensity was stronger, and the effect was more obvious when the rainfall intensity increased from 0.38 to 0.75 mm/min. With the increasing of slope, the stable infiltration rate firstly decreased and then increased.[Conclusions] In general, the influence of rainfall intensity on the runoff of purple soil slope in the research area is greater than that of slope, while the influence of slope on the slope rainfall infiltration process is relatively complex, which needs to be futher investigated by more field and laboratory experiments. The results can provide reference for the rainfall runoff process, hydrological forecasting and soil erosion control in the Three Gorges Reservoir region.

Key words： purple soil simulated rainfall runoff characteristics stable infiltration rate

Received: 13 July 2020

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S157.1

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	Articles by authors
	ZENG Fengling
	LIU Shujing
	YUN Jianwei
	CHANG Bao
	BAO Lingling
	LIU Jianjun
	ZHANG Weihua

Cite this article:

ZENG Fengling,LIU Shujing,YUN Jianwei, et al. Runoff and infiltration characteristics of purple soil slope in the Three Gorges Reservoir region under simulated rainfall[J]. SSWC, 2022, 20(1): 107-113.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/10.16843/j.sswc.2022.01.014 OR http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/Y2022/V20/I1/107

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