黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤水分垂直变异及影响因素

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2021.03.009

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Abstract [Background] Soil moisture (SM) is one of the key factors for plant growth and eco-environment reconstruction on the Loess Plateau of China. Vertical variation of SM as affected by landform and land use was studied in the Zhifanggou watershed of Ansai county in Shaanxi province.[Methods] We selected 78 representative plots with four land use types in the whole watershed. Three sampling points were selected on the diagonal of each plot. The sampling depth ranged from 0 to 1 000 cm. A total of 40 samples were collected at each point by using a soil auger (10 cm intervals from 0 to 100 cm, 20 cm intervals from 100 cm to 500 cm, and 50 cm intervals from 500 cm to 1 000 cm). The average soil moisture, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of each layer were calculated. The effects of different factors on soil moisture were analyzed quantitatively by variance contribution rates. LSD multiple comparison and t-test were used to compare the differences of soil moisture under different conditions.[Results] 1) The vertical distribution characteristics of SM in 0-1 000 cm were different under different land use. With the increase of soil depth, the SM of the forest land decreased rapidly (0-50 cm) to 6%-9%. The SM of the bush land decreased first (0-50 cm) and then increased slowly. The SM of the abandoned grassland and the farmland increased gradually with the increase of soil depth, and finally stabilized. 2) In general, the longer vegetation age, the lower mean soil moisture. However, in the abandoned grassland, the trend was not obvious. 3) The SM in the shallow layer (0-200 cm):abandoned grassland (10.20%) > farmland (10.04%) > bush land (9.39%) > forest land (8.91%); in the deep layer (200-1 000 cm):farmland (13.50%) > abandoned grassland (13.34%) > bush land (11.66%) > forest land (7.87%). This indicated that the abandoned grassland maintained SM well, while the forest land was relatively poor. 4) The slope had a significant effect on the SM in the shallow layer of the abandoned grassland and the deep layer of the forest land. The steeper a slope was, the lower SM was observed. The aspect had a significant effect on the SM in the shallow layer of the forest land and the abandoned grassland, and the SM on the sunny slope was higher than the shade. On the whole, the SM and the coefficient of variation both decreased first and then increased, which showed a significant positive correlation. Land use, slope and their interaction had significant influence on the SM in shallow layer, the contribution rate of slope was the largest (34.85%), and land use had significant influence on the SM in deep layer, the contribution rate was 23.03%.[Conclusions] The SM in loess hilly and gully area had obvious vertical variation, and was affected jointly by land use, slope and aspect. Abandoned grassland may keep SM better, but forest land was relatively poor. Topography was an important factor affecting the variation of SM in shallow layer, while SM in deep layer was mainly affected by land use.

Key words： soil moisture vertical variation topographic factors land use loess hilly and gully region

Received: 01 February 2020

PACS:

S152.7

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	Articles by authors
	QIU Dexun
	ZHAO Baili
	YIN Diansheng
	MU Xingmin
	GAO Peng

Cite this article:

QIU Dexun,ZHAO Baili,YIN Diansheng, et al. Vertical variation of soil moisture in the loess hilly and gully region and its influence factors[J]. SSWC, 2021, 19(3): 72-80.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/10.16843/j.sswc.2021.03.009 OR http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/Y2021/V19/I3/72

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