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| Characteristics of phosphorus output through runoff from different soil layers by different land cover treatments in red soil slopes |
| ZHANG Jie1,2, XIE Songhua1,2, MO Minghao2,3, TU Anguo2,3 |
1. Research Center of Water Resources and Ecological Environment of Poyang Lake, the Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China, 330029, Nanchang, China;
2. Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, 330029, Nanchang, China;
3. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, 330029, Nanchang, China |
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Abstract [Background] Phosphorus from the runoff migration is one of the sources of non-point source pollution because of slope agriculture development, which is also a potential threat to the groundwater environment. The most important reason of water eutrophication is the input of external phosphorus. The migration and output process of phosphorus from the soil of slopes to water is not only the focus of soil science research, but also one of the resource and environmental problems that needs to be solved urgently. [Methods] In Jiangxi Provincial Eco-Science Park of Soil and Water Conservation, Drainage Lysimeter was used to study the characteristics of phosphorus output through runoff from different layers under natural rainfall conditions in red soil slopes. Three 5×15 m plots with slope of 14° were established by three land cover treatments which were Paspalum notatum Flugge coverage, P. notatum Flugge litter mulching and bare land. There were four discharge outlets used to collect surface runoff, 30 cm interflow, 60 cm interflow and 105 cm underground runoff in each plot. Runoff samples were collected and analyzed for the content of phosphorus during the three natural rainfall events process in 2013 and 2014. [Results] 1) The total phosphorus (TP) concentration migrating through runoff decreased sharply with the increase of soil depth. The proportion of dissolved phosphorus (DP) to TP was high and stable, which was the main form of phosphorus output through runoff. 2) Output amounts of TP through runoff in three treatments decreased gradually from bare land, litter mulching to grass coverage. Under the three storm conditions, the total reduction rate of TP and DP was 35%-92% and 44%-96% respectively by grass coverage treatment, and 9%-86% and 0-89% respectively by litter mulching treatment. 3) The proportion of TP through the surface runoff reached more than 90%. The proportion of TP through interflow was relatively small of the three treatments. The proportion of TP through underground runoff which reached more than 60% was the main mode under the treatments of hay mulching and grass planting. [Conculsions] In the development of agriculture and forestry in the red soil slope, the vegetation cover and mulching measures may reduce the phosphorus pollutant into the water body. These findings hold important implications for soil and water loss and non-point source pollution control.
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Received: 29 August 2016
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