Effect of coniferous and broadleaf tree mixture on soil organic carbon and microbial community composition in eroded and degraded lands
WANG Huiqin1, Lü Maokui1,2, JIANG Yongmeng1,2, WU Junmei1, ZHU Hongru3, ZHANG Shiliang1,2, DENG Cui1,2, XIE Jinsheng1,2
1. College of Geographical Science, Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, 350007, Fuzhou, China; 2. Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, 350007, Fuzhou, China; 3. Fujian Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, 350003, Fuzhou, China
Abstract：[Background] Vegetation types play an important role in stimulating the carbon sequestration potential of eroded and degraded soil. However, how the changes of tree species in subtropical forest ecosystems affect the accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the surface soil of eroded and degraded red soil and its microbial mechanism are still unclear. Changting county of Fujian province is a typical eroded and degraded area of red soil in China and a key area of stand transformation. [Methods] Field investigation and sample collection were conducted in different age groups (19 and 39 years) Pinus massoniana pure plantation and P. massoniana and Schima superba mixed plantation. Soil samples were collected in top 0-10 cm layers to measure SOC content, microbial community and related environmental factors. Among them, the microbial community was measured by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) method. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the relationship between SOC and environmental factors and microbial community composition. [Results] 1) There were no significant differences in SOC content between pure and mixed plantations after 19 years of restoration, while SOC content of the mixed plantation after 39 years of restoration were 39.8%, 48.0% and 93.6% higher than that of the pure plantation after 19 years of restoration, the mixed plantation after 19 years of restoration, and the pure plantation after 39 years of restoration (P<0.05). 2) SOC content was significantly and positively correlated with soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, total phospholipid fatty acids, mineral nitrogen (N) and bacteria, and significantly negatively correlated with the ratio of litter C/N to fungal bacteria (F/B). 3) Structural equation model analysis showed that litter C/N was the trigger factor for the change of SOC and mineral nitrogen was the key factor for the change of microbial community structure in the process of stand transformation. The litter C/N directly drove the change of SOC mass fraction (-0.35*), or indirectly regulated the changes of F/B, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria by mineral nitrogen (-0.70***). The above factors explained 86.8% of the variation of SOC mass fraction. [Conclusions] Mixed coniferous and broad leaf tree species promote SOC accumulation in eroded degraded land, and its effectiveness increases with the restoration years. The possible mechanism could be that the S. superba litter is continuously introduced, which significantly reduces C/N of litter, enhances the source of microbial nutrients and N availability and changes microbial community structure, ultimately increases SOC mass fraction. Under the background of "Double Carbon" in China, a multi-species mixture will become a key way to improve forest quality and SOC sequestration in eroded and degraded areas.
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2024, Vol. 22 
