Monitoring technology system of soil and water conservation in the New Era
SHI Mingchang1, ZHAO Yongjun2
1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 2. The Center of Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring, Ministry of Water Resources, 100053, Beijing, China
Abstract：[Background] With the development of China's economy and society, the forms, hazards, and governance difficulties of soil erosion are different from those in the past, and the needs of society have changed, based on the which the focus of soil and water conservation efforts has changed. Therefore, the ideas and methods of soil and water conservation monitoring should be adjusted according to the development of society and the advancement of science and technology. There is a vast territory with obvious differences in topography and geomorphology in China, which leads the types of soil erosion in China to be complex and many unique characteristics. Therefore, constructing a monitoring system that includes a variety of soil erosion and composite soil erosion to provide support for soil and water conservation research is a critical needs for building the foundation of the of soil and water conservation in China. [Methods] Focusing on the major demand of soil and water conservation to support the development of ecological civilization and the conservation of a beautiful China, this paper explored the new approaches of soil and water conservation, analyzed the current situation of the monitoring, identified the issues existing in the monitoring process, and proposed the goals and tasks of soil and water conservation monitoring in the new era. [Results] 1) The current monitoring of soil erosion has the following problems:① there are limitations in the objectives; ② the infrastructure of monitoring stations is difficult to support quantitative and accurate calculations; ③ there is a lack of dynamic models of water and sediment processes to support quantitative and accurate calculations; ④ the differences between the spatial distribution data of various factors of soil erosion and ground monitoring data have not been effectively fitted. With the increasing demand for infrastructure protection, the regulation of watershed water and sediment processes will become an important goal for soil and water conservation. 2) This paper suggested that the framework system for future soil and water conservation monitoring should be established by the following four key technologies:① the composition system and business logic of the big data cloud service platform for soil and water conservation monitoring; ② the construction of the monitoring station network based on the layout of the national soil erosion types with the two erosion dynamics of hydraulic and wind power as the main line; ③ the construction of the comprehensive model of two types of erosion from the mechanism of surface erosion process on the basis of monitoring data; ④ revision and improvement of intelligent and standardized acquisition method of large data of soil erosion geographic influence factors. 3) This paper also suggested that special research institutions should be established to support the authoritative and sustainable development of dynamic monitoring of soil and water conservation, and big data warehouse and intelligent application service platform for dynamic monitoring of soil and water loss should be established to accurately calculate space-time data of and water soil loss in real time, and provide service support for ecological civilization construction based on monitoring results. [Conclusions] This paper proposes the development path of soil and water conservation monitoring in the future and analyzes the spatial layout of soil erosion monitoring in China. The new monitoring technology system of soil and water conservation will provide more information and data which is essential to make better understanding on soil and water erosion control at the present stage, and promote the realization of turning from governance phenomenon to root cause, which can provide reference for related work.
史明昌, 赵永军. 新时代水土保持监测技术体系[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2023, 21(5): 146-154.
SHI Mingchang, ZHAO Yongjun. Monitoring technology system of soil and water conservation in the New Era. SSWC, 2023, 21(5): 146-154.
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2023, Vol. 21 
