Effects of fire on the soil chemical properties in the Jinyun Mountain of Chongqing
SHEN Hang1,2, WANG Yunqi1,2, WANG Yujie1,2, LIU Xiaodong3, ZHENG Yonglin1,2, ZHENG Yifan1,2, WANG Taiqiang4, LIU Yufang4
1. Three-Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing) Forest Ecosystem Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 2. Three-Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing) Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 3. Emergency Management Department Key Laboratory of Forest Grassland Fire Risk Prevention and Control, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 4. Chongqing Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration, 400700, Chongqing, China
Abstract：[Background] Forest fires can cause severe disturbances to forest ecosystems and are not easily recovered in the short term. To investigate the short-term effects of fires of different intensities on soil chemistry at different depths in different forest stands, and to provide a reference for the restoration of forest ecosystem functions after fires and the use of fire to promote stand regeneration, it is important to study the changes in soil chemistry in the burned area in the short term (within 1 week) of recovery.[Methods] Three 20 m×20 m sample plots were set up in coniferous broad-leaved mixed and bamboo forests in Jinyun Mountain, which were lightly, moderately and severely burned areas and one unburned sample plot respectively. Soil sampling was carried out at different depths (0-10 and 10-20 cm) in the set plots, and chemical indicators such as soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic matter content and soil available nutrient content were determined. Significant differences and trends in soil chemical properties between different stands and different intensities of fire were investigated by descriptive statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and Fisher LSD test.[Results] 1) Soil pH and available potassium content showed an increasing trend with increasing fire intensity in both stands, while soil organic matter and total phosphorus content showed a decreasing trend with increasing fire intensity, while total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) did not change significantly with increasing fire intensity. 2) At the same fire intensity, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in soil organic matter, total N, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and CEC between the two stands, while pH and total phosphorus were not significantly different. 3) Fire had a significant effect on the chemical properties of the surface soil, and the changes in soil pH, CEC and organic matter, total N, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium and available nitrogen contents reached significant levels under the interaction of different stand types and different fire intensities.[Conclusions] Fire has a significant impact on the soil chemistry of different forest stands, especially high-intensity fire, which significantly reduces the soil nutrient content at different soil depths, thus post-disaster revegetation work should focus on soil nutrient restoration and fertility improvement, with site-specific restoration measures tailored to the specific changes of different forest stands.
申航, 王云琦, 王玉杰, 刘晓东, 郑永林, 郑一凡, 王太强, 刘玉芳. 火烧对重庆缙云山土壤化学性质的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2023, 21(3): 52-59.
SHEN Hang, WANG Yunqi, WANG Yujie, LIU Xiaodong, ZHENG Yonglin, ZHENG Yifan, WANG Taiqiang, LIU Yufang. Effects of fire on the soil chemical properties in the Jinyun Mountain of Chongqing. SSWC, 2023, 21(3): 52-59.
ALCAÑIZ M, OUTEIRO L, FRANCOS M, et al. Long-term dynamics of soil chemical properties after a prescribed fire in a Mediterranean forest (MontgríMassif,Catalonia,Spain)[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,572:1329.
[2]
韩钊龙,胡慧蓉,黄铄淇.林火干扰对土壤理化性质的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(3):46. HAN Zhaolong, HU Huirong, HUANG Shuoqi. Effect of forest fire disturbance on soil physical and chemical properties[J]. Journal of Southwest Forestry University,2014,34(3):46.
[3]
CERTINI G. Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: a review[J]. Oecologia,2005, 143(1): 1.
[4]
孔健健,杨健.林火对大兴安岭落叶松林土壤性质的短期与长期影响[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(6):1445. KONG Jianjian, YANG Jian. Short and long-term effects of fire on soil properties in a Dahurian larch forest in Great Xing'an Mountains.[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2014,33(6):1445.
[5]
赵彬,孙龙,胡海清,等.兴安落叶松林火后对土壤养分和土壤微生物生物量的影响[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(3):450. ZHAO Bin, SUN Long,HU Haiqing,et al. Post-fire soil microbial biomass and nutrient content of Larix gmelinii forest in autumn [J].Journal of Natural Resources,2011,26(3):450.
[6]
刘发林,陈小伟,曾素平.不同火干扰强度对枫香次生林土壤理化性质的影响[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(5):132. LIU Falin,CHEN Xiaowei,ZENG Suping. Effects of fire disturbance on soil physicochemical properties in Liquidambar formosana secondary forest [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,33(5):132.
[7]
BAUHUS J, KHANNA P K, RAISON R J. The effect of fire on carbon and nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in an Australian forest soil[J].Australian Journal of Soil Science,1993,31(5):621.
[8]
戴伟.人工油松林火烧前后土壤化学性质变化的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,1994,16(1):102. DAI Wei. Study on soil chemical properties changes before and after fire[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,1994,16(1):102.
[9]
沙丽清,邓继武,谢克金,等.西双版纳次生林火烧前后土壤养分变化的研究[J].植物生态学报,1998,22(6):513. SHA Liqing, DENG Jiwu, XIE Kejin, et al. Study on soil nutrient changes before and after fire in secondary forests in Xishuangbanna[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,1998,22(6):513.
[10]
孙明学. 塔河林区林火对土壤性质与植被恢复的影响[D].北京:北京林业大学,2011:75. SUN Mingxue. Effects of forest fires on soil properties and vegetation restoration in Tahe forest area[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University,2011:75.
[11]
单延龙,张敏,胡海清.大兴安岭地区樟子松林地表可燃物模型[J].东北林业大学学报,2005,33(2):74. SHAN Yanlong, ZHANG Min, HU Haiqing. Surface combustible material model of Pinus sylvestris forest in Daxing'anling area[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2005,33(2):74.
[12]
王博,韩树文,顾泽,等.不同烈度林火对油松林潜在地表火行为的影响[J/OL].生态学报,2023,43(5):1. WANG Bo, HAN Shuwen, GU Ze, et al. Effects of wildfire of different severities on potential surface fire behavior of Pinus tabuliformis forests [J/OL]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2023,43(5):1.
[13]
罗斯生,罗碧珍,魏书精,等.森林火灾对马尾松次生林土壤理化性质的影响[J].生态环境学报,2020,29(11):2141. LUO Sisheng, LUO Bizhen, WEI Shujing, et al. Effects of forest fire on soil physical and chemical properties in secondary forest of Pinus massoniana[J].Ecological and Environmental Sciences,2020,29(11):2141.
[14]
薛立,陈红跃,杨振意,等.火灾对马尾松林地土壤特性的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(22):6824. XUE Li,CHEN Hongyue,YANG Zhenyi, et al. The effects of fire on soil properties in a Pinus massonianastand [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(22):6824.
[15]
KUTIEL P,NAVEH Z. The effect of fire on nutrients in a pine forest soil[J]. Plant and Soil, 1987,104(2):269.
[16]
ROBICHAUDPR, HUNGERFORDRD. Water repellency by laboratory burning of four northern Rocky Mountain forest soils[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2000, 231: 207.
[17]
FONSECA F, FIGUEIREDO T,NOGUEIRA C,et al.Effect of prescribed fire on soil properties and soil erosion in a Mediterranean mountain area[J]. Geoderma,2017,307: 172.
[18]
MIESEL J R, HOCKADAYW C, KOLKA R K,et al. Soil organic matter composition and quality across fire severity gradients in coniferous and deciduous forests of the southern boreal region[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences,2015, 120(6): 1124.
[19]
盛茂银,刘洋,熊康宁.中国南方喀斯特石漠化演替过程中土壤理化性质的响应[J].生态学报,2013,33(19):6303. SHENG Maoyin, LIU Yang, XIONG Kangning. Response of soil physical-chemical properties to rocky desertification succession in South China Karst [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(19):6303.
[20]
岳鑫,囤兴建,崔德杰,等.不同火烧强度对森林土壤养分的影响[J].山东农业科学,2018,50(3):72. YUE Xin, TUN Xingjian, CUI Dejie, et al. Effects of different fire intensity on forest soil nutrients[J]. Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2018,50(3):72.
[21]
顾泽,王博,陈思帆,等.不同火烈度火烧迹地内油松叶功能性状的变化[J].应用生态学报,2022,33(6):1497. GU Ze, WANG Bo, CHEN Sifan, et al. Changes of leaf functional traits of Pinus tabuliformis in burned areas with different fire severities [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2022,33(6):1497.
[22]
张喜,朱军.火烧对黔中喀斯特山地马尾松林土壤理化性质的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(19):5809. ZHANG Xi, ZHU Jun. Influence of fire on a Pinus massoniana soil in a karst mountain area at the center of Guizhouprovince,China [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(19):5809.
[23]
LIU Xiaoju, PANC. Effects of recovery time after fire and fire severityon stand structure and soil of larch forest in the Kanas National Nature Reserve, Northwest China[J].Journal of Arid Land, 2019,11(6): 811.
2023, Vol. 21 
